陳世煌楊雅菁2019-09-052006-7-12019-09-052005http://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&s=id=%22G0069243042%22.&%22.id.&http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/handle/20.500.12235/103823中文摘要 本論文對台灣產鷲蛛科蜘蛛進行分類研究，主要到全省各地採集活體標本，並檢視台灣師範大學生命科學系館藏標本，以形態學方法於解剖顯微鏡下觀察雌、雄蜘蛛的生殖構造及其他外部特徵，並重新繪圖與測量。雄蛛觸肢器及雌蛛外雌器以細剪剪下，詳細觀察其構造，外雌器以10%KOH溶液加熱處理，觀察內部構造。本研究中所使用的標本皆以70%酒精溶液保存，並存放於台灣師範大學生命科學系（NTNUB-Ar）。 本研究結果將台灣產鷲蛛科處理為8屬16種及1個排除種，新增6屬13種。其中掠蛛屬（Drassodes）、希托蛛屬（Hitobia）、齒蛛屬（Odontodrassus）、近狂蛛屬（Drassyllus）、旋管狂蛛屬（Setaphis）與枝疣蛛屬（Cladothela）為新紀錄屬；鋸齒掠蛛（Drassodes serratidens）、單帶希托蛛（Hitobia unifascigera）、波氏狂蛛（Zelotes potanini）、本渡齒蛛（Odontodrassus hondoensis）、小狂蛛（Zelotes exiguus）、小枝疣蛛（Cladothela parva）、沙勞越狂蛛（Zelotes sarawakensis）、和八木沼氏希托蛛（Hitobia yaginumai）等八種為新紀錄種。台北近狂蛛（Drassyllus taipeiensis sp. nov.）、台灣旋管狂蛛（Setaphis formosanus sp. nov.）、南化狂蛛（Zelotes nanhuaensis sp. nov.）、台東狂蛛（Zelotes taitungensis sp. nov.），及台灣狂蛛（Zelotes taiwanensis sp. nov.）等五種為新種。疑問種為西表狂蛛（Zelotes iriomotensis Hayashi, 1994）和白環鷲蛛（Kishidaia albimaculata Saito, 1934）還需更進一步的鑑定。武昌狂蛛（Zelotes wuchangensis Schenkel, 1963）為排除種。 本研究結果不僅可增進我們對台灣鷲蛛科蜘蛛資源及物種多樣性的了解，並可作為未來鷲蛛科生活史、行為與系統演化等領域研究之基礎。Abstract The spider family Gnaphosidae (Araneae) in Taiwan is taxonomically revised based on morphological observations. Specimens collected from Taiwan were examined and measured using a stereomicroscope. Female epigynum was removed and pre-cleaned with 10% KOH solution to examine the inner genital structures. Specimens examined in the present study were preserved in 70% ethanol and deposited in the Arachnological collections of the Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNUB-Ar). Sixteen species in eight genera of the gnaphosid spiders were recognized from Taiwan in this study; among which six genera, Drassodes, Hitobia, Odontodrassus, Drassyllus, Setaphis, and Cladothela, and eight species, Cladothela parva Kamura, 1991, Drassodes serratidens Schenkel, 1963, Hitobia unifascigera (Bsenberg& Strand, 1906), Zelotes potanini Schenkel, 1963, Odontodrassus hondoensis Saito, 1939, Zelotes exiguous (Mller & Schenkel, 1895), Zelotes sarawakensis (Thorell, 1890), and Hitobia yaginumai Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 were newly recorded from Taiwan. In addition, five species, Drassyllus taipeiensis sp. nov., Setaphis formosanus sp. nov., Zelotes tainanensis sp. nov., Zelotes nanhuaensis sp. nov., and Zelotes taiwanensis sp. nov. are new to the science. Zelotes wuchangensis Schenkel, 1963 was excluded from the spider fauna of Taiwan. The present study not only provides a basic knowledge for the diversity conservation of spiders in Taiwan, but also provides a chance for further studies on the life history, behavior and phylogenetics of gnaphosid spiders.蜘蛛目台灣新種新紀錄種枝疣蛛屬旋管狂蛛屬分類狂蛛屬近狂蛛屬齒蛛屬鷲蛛屬希托蛛屬掠蛛屬鷲蛛科