蔡錦堂陳昱誌Chen, Yu-Chih2019-09-032016-03-012019-09-032016http://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&s=id=%22G060127004L%22.&%22.id.&http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/handle/20.500.12235/96137太平洋戰爭末期，日本中央政府為填補兵員的不足，決定於1945年在臺灣實施徵兵制。由此，總督府在1944年對舊有社會教化機構略作調整後，便更名成立了皇民鍊成所等多個青年鍊成機構，強化對臺灣男、女青年的鍊成與教化。然而總督府這樣的權宜之舉，顯示在惡劣的局勢下，似已無從容規劃的餘裕。 為培育適當的教化人員，總督府以1930年代為因應後期對社會教化人員需求的成長而設立的勤行報國青年隊，作為訓練指導員的機構。然而觀察勤行報國青年隊的主要活動內容，受訓期間最重要的活動是每天的勤勞奉仕任務，在任務之餘才接受學科教育，顯示此機構更接近勤勞奉仕體制的一環，而非專職的指導員訓練機構。 本文有幸取得鹽館前皇民鍊成所的《出席簿》、《日誌》與《教案簿》，藉由分析這些史料，因而得以理解鹽館前皇民鍊成所的運作狀況。鹽館前皇民鍊成所的學生多為當地的女性失學青年，其家庭背景多從事農業或小本商業。由於學生也必須參與後方生產，故為維持生產的穩定，鹽館前皇民鍊成所選在每日的夜間進行2小時的授課。授課內容以國民科的「國語」及「修身與公民」最為重要。其中僅國語課在授課之初教授基礎的日語知識，其後的課程均著重於教導學生維持後方秩序需要的觀念，以及涵養學生的愛國精神，要求學生應盡力為國效忠，希望以此教化出得以負擔戰時任務的後方女性青年。然而由於每日上課時間僅有2小時，以及因戰爭導致無法穩定地授課，使得鹽館前皇民鍊成所的總授課時數相當短暫。在此狀況下，鹽館前皇民鍊成所從設立之初，便已經難以提供一個穩定的教化環境。隨著日本的投降，皇民鍊成所便在開所的隔年，結束其17個月的運作。Toward the final stage of the Pacific War, due to manpower depletion, Japanese government decided to implement conscription in Taiwan in 1945. Therefore, after the subtle readjustment on social education institutions, the Office of Governor-General of Taiwan established several youth education centers as kouminrenseisyo(皇民鍊成所) for Taiwanese young men and young women. However, under such harsh circumstances during the war time, there seemed to be no room of expediency. To properly train educators, the Office of Governor-General relied on kinkouhoukokuseinentai(勤行報國青年隊) as the training center of instructors, which was established in 1930s for increasing needs of social education during the late stage of Japanese rule. However, with the examination of its daily schedule, this thesis found much more time spared on daily missions of kinrouhoushi(勤勞奉仕) than subjects training during the drill period. The result indicates that it was rather part of kinrouhoushi system than a sole-duty institution. It is a great pleasure for this thesis to collect materials from the Roll Books(出席簿), Journals(日誌), and Lesson Plans(教案簿) of enkanzen- kouminrenseisyo(鹽館前皇民鍊成所). Through examining these materials, this thesis may have a clear picture of its operation. Most of students in enkanzen- kouminrenseisyo were local young women who were deprived of education. Since they and their family were still engaged in farming and small business, enkanzen- kouminrenseisyo arranged two-hour courses at night for the stability of daily output. The course content focused on Japanese and civic awareness. The former included basic Japanese learning and relevant knowledge whiles the latter put much emphasis on obedience and patriotism. Students were expected to be whole-heatedly loyal to the country and become competent young women for war service. Since the course hour was limited and its schedule could hardly be settled during the war time, enkanzen- kouminrenseisyo had been struggling with the lack of steady environment of learning from the first day. After the surrender of Japanese government, kouminrenseisyo ultimately came to its end of 16-month- long operation.社會教化戰爭時期皇民鍊成所國語講習所勤行報國青年隊勤勞奉仕青年團竹南街鹽館前部落social educationwar periodkouminrenseisyokokugokosyuusyokinkouhoukokuseinentaikinrouhoushiseinendanchikunankaienkanzenburaku