黃信豪Huang, Hsin-Hao林柏志Lin, Bo-Zhi2024-12-172024-08-132024https://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/thesis/detail/5b2181ded507500166c6b5f09f8754e1/http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/122349本研究探討民主國家的民主正當性課題，並聚焦於大眾的投票抉擇、傳播媒介的使用與民主態度的關係。過去研究指出，民眾因選舉結果是否與自身投票抉擇一致，而對民主體制有不同的看法，故大眾的民主態度將呈現「選舉贏家-輸家差距」的現象。然而，既有研究尚未深入探討民眾的傳播媒介接觸，對其民主態度的影響；且學界對傳播媒介如何影響民眾的政治態度又有不同的解讀，大致分為負面影響的「媒介抑鬱論」，及具有正面意涵的「良性循環論」。因此，本研究欲探討民眾的投票抉擇與媒介使用，究竟如何影響其民主態度？本研究運用「台灣選舉與民主化調查」的調查資料，分析2020年總統大選後臺灣民眾的民主態度，是否呈現「選舉贏家-輸家差距」，以及個人媒介使用在其中所扮演的角色。研究方法上分別採多元線性迴歸分析「民主滿意度」，並以二元邏輯斯迴歸分析「民主支持」。研究發現如下：第一，大眾的民主態度確實因投票抉擇而異，並呈現「選舉贏家-輸家差距」。第二，對未經歷選舉輸贏的民眾來說，個人的媒介使用對其民主態度具極為正面的影響。第三，選舉贏家個人的媒介使用愈高，其民主滿意度愈高，但選舉輸家個人的媒介使用愈高，民主滿意度卻越低。這代表在媒介使用的情況下，「選舉贏家-輸家差距」將呈現擴大。第四，在民主支持方面，傳播媒介的使用對大眾具有一致的正面影響，意即個人的媒介使用有助於其對民主體制抱持絕對性的信奉與欲求。綜上所述，本研究發現投票抉擇和傳播媒介，能適用於解釋我國民眾的民主態度。就民主正當性中「輸家同意」的概念，傳播媒介促使選舉輸家對民主體制抱持更為負面的評價。但較慶幸的是，傳播媒介能夠促進我國民眾抱持「絕對性的民主支持」的可能性。整體而言，在民主體制是否得以穩定、鞏固的課題之中，我們須持續關心民眾如何面對選舉結果（尤其敗選）。同時也仍須關注傳播媒介對民眾民主態度的影響。This study explores the issue of democratic legitimacy in democratic countries, focusing on the relationship between vote choice, media usage, and popular attitudes toward democracy. Previous research has indicated that people's views on the democratic system vary depending on whether election results align with their voting choices, leading to a phenomenon known as the “Winner-Losers Gap” in popular attitudes toward democracy. However, existing studies have yet to thoroughly examined how mass media exposure influences their democratic attitudes. Additionally, the academic community has different interpretations of how media influences political attitudes, broadly categorized into the negatively connoted “Media Malaise Theory” and positively connoted “Virtuous Cycle Theory.” Therefore, this study aims to explore how voting choices and media usage impact people's democratic attitudes. This study utilizes data from “Taiwan’s Election and Democratization Study” to analyze the popular attitude toward democracy of Taiwanese citizens following the 2020 presidential election, examining whether there is “Winner-Losers Gap” and the role of individual media usage. The research employs multiple linear regression assess “Satisfaction with Democratic” and binary logistic regression to evaluate “Support for Democratic.” The findings are as follows: First, popularattitudes toward democracy do indeed vary based on voting choices, exhibiting a “Winner-Losers Gap.” Second, for those who did not experience election results as winners or losers, individual media usage has a highly positive impact on their democratic attitudes. Third, higher individual media usage among election winners correlates with greater satisfaction with democratic, whereas higher individual media usage among election losers correlates with lower satisfaction with democratic. This indicates that media usage can amplify the “Winner-Losers Gap.” Fourth, regarding support for democratic, media usage consistently has a positive impact on the general public. This means that individual media usage contributes to an absolute belief in and desire for the democratic system.In conclusion, this study finds that voting choices and media usage can be applied to explain popular attitudes toward democracy in Taiwan. Regarding concept of “Loser’s Consent” in democratic legitimacy, media usage causes election losers to hold a more negative view of the democratic system. Fortunately, media usage can also promote the likelihood of citizens holding “Absolute Support for Democracy.” Overall, in the context of whether the democratic system can be stabilized and consolidated, we must continue to pay attention to how citizens respond to election results (especially losses). At the same time, we must also focus on the impact of media usage on popular attitude toward democracy.選舉輸家媒介使用民主態度台灣選舉與民主化調查election losersmedia usepopular attitude toward democracyTaiwan’s Election and Democratization Study學術論文