蔡錫濤Ted Shir-Tau Tsai青柳香Kaori Aoyagi2019-08-282006-8-112019-08-282006http://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&s=id=%22GN0693740138%22.&%22.id.&http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/handle/20.500.12235/84943全球化趨勢之下，日本的企業主特別青睞具有跨文化經驗的求職者。學習外語的人口也與日劇增。但是，企業真正需要的人才不僅須具備外語能力，也須擁有多元文化的特質。隨著企業愈加重視出國留學的人才，愈來愈多日本就業婦女選擇出國留學，即使須辭掉原先的工作，亦在所不辭。影響他們出國留學的動機及因素很多。本研究採用「推-拉模式」。此一模式認為，推的因素包括：母國經濟狀況、就業婦女的限制、以及社會趨勢等，拉的因素包括：出國留學的益處、留學國的魅力、提供較佳的課程、移民的意願及熟人的推薦。本研究採用質性研究法中生命史研究法，以深入訪談的方式，訪問受訪者的生命經驗。研究發現三股主要的推力：過去的工作經驗(包含六部份：招募、工作職位、收入、工作職責、組織文化及辭職時機)；文化及社會(包括五個部份：男性優勢文化、學歷文化、不佳的經濟與不平等的工作機會、加值的聲譽及雙語的熱潮)；失敗的經驗(包括：幻滅的夢想、學習外語失敗的經驗)。同時，拉力有五個：他人的留學經驗、成就動機(包括：工作成就；技能成就及尋求契機)、台灣的魅力(包括安全、熟悉及距離近)、情感的考量(包括：對外國的好奇、對外國文化或語言的喜愛及對中國大陸的厭惡及恐懼)與媒體的資訊等。此外，親屬關係亦是影響的因素之一。Under the global economy, employers in Japan are giving great interest in job applicants who have intercultural competences. There are increasing numbers of people who are interested in learning foreign languages than ever before. However the person whom companies really need is not the one with the fluency of foreign languages but the one with essence of being multicultural. Where companies do value people with study abroad experiences, there are more Japanese working women who chose to study abroad even that may require them to resign from their work once. There are many reasons and factors that motivate them to study abroad. This study uses ‘Push-Pull factor’ model, which views economic wealth and issues in a country as the major factors affecting their decision of studying abroad, to investigate on the research problem of what are the factors that are affecting decisions of Japanese working women to study abroad. Examples of ‘Push factors’ that occur within a source country include; issues in a society such as level of economic wealth, increased pressure in organization/economy, constraints for working women, and trends in society. Example of ‘pull factors’ that occur toward the host country include; Benefit of studying abroad, host country’s attractiveness such as desire to understand the host country, better courses provided, and intention of migration and recommendation from well known people. The life history of the qualitative research method with in-depth interview were used for this research in order for researcher to actively solicit the participants’ life experiences. After the deep-in depth interview with five research participants, it was found that there are three major push factors which are affecting decisions of Japanese working women to study abroad: Past work experience (6 major units in this part: (1) Recruitment, (2) job status/position, (3) income, (4) Duties/tasks, (5) Organization Culture and (6) Timing for resignation), Culture and society (5 major units in this part: (1) Male dominant culture, (2) Diplomaism, (3) Bad economy and unequal job opportunity, (4)Valued reputation, and (5) Bilingual Boom) and Experience of Failure(2 major units in this part: (1) Failed dream, and (2) Failed at making progress by learning foreign language). At the same time, there are 5 major pull factors which affect decision of Japanese working women to study abroad: Experience of others ((1) Others' study abroad experiences), Ambition for achievement (3 major units: (1) Career achieve, (2) Skill achieve, and (3) making turning point), Attractiveness of Taiwan (3 major units (1) Safe, (2) familiarity, and (3) close distance), Emotional Considerations (3major units (1) Curiosity of foreign country, and (2) admiration of foreign culture/language(3) fear/hate of china), and finally the Information from media. Factors other than push and pull, such as relational factors are also affecting their decision of studying abroad.留學職業婦女推-拉模式質化研究深入訪談日本working womanstudy abroadpush and pull modelqualitative researchin-depth interviewJapanese