林聖欽Lin, Sheng-Chin李亭萱Li, Ting-Hsuan2019-08-292016-09-222019-08-292016http://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&s=id=%22G060223015L%22.&%22.id.&http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/handle/20.500.12235/94100臺灣發展有機農業近三十年，亦為宜蘭縣、花蓮縣政府推廣之產業，其中有機稻米為重要有機產品。本研究選擇花蓮縣、宜蘭縣有機稻米產業作為研究個案，以「農業糧食供應鏈」釐清兩縣該產業產銷結構，分析農業投入、農業生產、產品處理及產品銷售管道等調查項目，得知產銷結構並非造成兩縣有機稻米種植面積、產量差異的主要因素。進而分析兩縣有機稻米產業地理條件。 研究結果顯示，花蓮縣發展有機稻米產業地理條件之優勢為：1、就自然環境條件，比較後認為土壤並非關鍵因素，而氣候溫暖、水質佳成為發展有機稻米產業的「地點」條件；2、就工業發展程度，「位置」條件使工業發展程度不高，環境汙染的疑慮較低，此外，在缺乏就業機會的情況下，部分從事農業的勞動力遂積極投入有機稻米產業；3、與休閒活動的結合層面，由於縱谷地形的「地點」條件，玉里鎮與富里鄉為花東縱谷中旅遊路線必經之地，因此玉里鎮與富里鄉的有機稻米產銷班以休閒活動推廣有機稻米；富里鄉農會亦利用此地點條件，在此設置展售中心，結合有機稻米產業與休閒活動以推廣該產業。宜蘭縣發展有機稻米產業地理條件之限制為：1、就自然環境條件，冬季氣溫較低且雨水多，農民承擔風險較高，水質亦不如花蓮縣佳，「地點」條件限制該產業之發展；2、就工業發展程度，該縣「位置」條件對外聯繫優於花蓮縣，縣內工廠逐年增長，對環境汙染的可能性增加；且該縣在就業上有更多選擇。3、與休閒活動的結合層面，受到蘭陽平原地形的「地點」條件影響，僅三星鄉的產銷班透過休閒活動宣傳有機稻米較有成效，但蘭陽平原的旅遊路線有較多選擇，使位於非主要道路的五結鄉夢田觀光米廠，推廣該產業效果有限。因此，花蓮縣由於地點、位置等條件，具有發展有機稻米產業之優勢。而兩縣越遠離核心的地區，該產業發展呈現更為發達的趨勢，可驗證辛克萊模式。The organic agriculture in Taiwan has been developed almost thirty years. This research tries to take the organic rice industry in Hualien and Yilan County as a case study. By using the concept of "agro-food supply chain,” I compare the structure of production and marketing, including agricultural inputs, farm production, product processing, product-distribution channels, in two Counties. However, it turns out that the structure of producing and marketing is not the most important reason but the geographic conditions are the main reasons of the organic rice industry development. The advantage of the organic rice industry development in Hualien County is the “situation” condition and “position” condition. (1) Having warm weather and clean water becomes the beneficial “situation” condition to grow organic rice in Hualien. (2) Being far away from big city, which is not a good “position” condition for secondary industry to develop, makes Hualien not polluted. Moreover, some of the local farmers can engage in the organic rice industry because it is difficult to change other jobs. (3) Due to the “situation” condition of the rift valley, tourists have to pass through Fu-Li Township and Yu-Li Township when they go through the East Rift Valley. Therefore, local agriculture production and marketing groups use leisure activities to popularize the organic rice industry. Fu-Li Farmers’ Association also establishes a sales center to combine the organic rice industry with leisure activities. On the other hand, the disadvantages of the organic rice industry development in Yilan County show that (1) Because of the low winter temperature and a lot of rainfall, farmer must to undertake the risks. Furthermore, worse water quality in Yilan County, so the “situation” condition restricts the industry development. (2) With a better “position” condition, which having convenient transportation with western cities, makes secondary industry and environment pollution grow faster in Yilan County. Moreover, people who was farmer now having more employment opportunity. (3) Because of the “situation” condition of Lanyang Plain, it makes Yilan County hard to gather tourists in one place comparing with Hualien in the East Rift Valley. Therefore, agriculture production and marketing groups advertise the organic rice industry with leisure activities only success in San-Shing Township. But there are many tourist attractions on Lanyang Plain, Wu-jie Dream Farm Tourism Factory can’t popularize this organic rice industry effectively combing with leisure industry. In conclusion, because of the differences on the “situation” and “position” condition, Hualien County has better development of the organic rice industry than Yilan County. Furthermore, the area in two counties where is far from the core, the organic rice industry development is more prosperous. It can prove Sinclair’s Model.有機稻米產業產銷結構地理條件organic rice industrythe structure of the production and marketinggeographic conditions