國立臺灣師範大學地理學系郭乃文2015-09-032015-09-032011/08-20http://grbsearch.stpi.narl.org.tw/GRB_Search/grb/show_doc.jsp?id=2335624http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/74852氮、磷是地球生態運作之重要關鍵元素，亦是現代人類文明社會運作之重要關鍵物質。然而，不當的氮、磷利用將耗損地球相關資源，更導致嚴重的氮、磷污染問題。根據國外相關研究指出，農業生產系統以及食物生產體系是現代人類社會氮、磷物質管理最為關鍵的部門；因此，若為實踐氮、磷物質之永續管理，需先針對農業部門之氮、磷物質之利用與代謝進行探討。本研究將利用物質流分析方法（Substance Flow Analysis, SFA）針對台灣地區氮、磷物質之投入、產出，以及在不同產業部門間的流布進行探討，以發現台灣社會氮、磷物質使用較不永續之環節，以利後續改善方案與策略之提出，以促進氮、磷這兩項關鍵物質之永續利用與管理。本研究已完成我國國家層級之整體氮與磷物質流評估與分析。同時針對氮、磷物質永續管理最為重要之農業部門也已完成評估分析，特別是我國水稻田種植系統之氮、磷物質流、和畜牧產業之氮、磷物質流。此外，亦針對都市空間之氮、磷物質進行評估與分析，這些結果將可提供作為我國氮、磷物質永續管理時參考。Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are nutrients limiting the productivity of both managed and unmanaged terrestrial as well as aquatic ecosystems. In excess, they often cause environmental problems such as eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems and pollution of groundwater. Human activities have greatly accelerated the cycles of these two nutrients. It has been estimated that the global rate of nitrogen fixation has doubled during the last few decades, mostly through agricultural activities (fertilizer manufacturing and increased use of nitrogen fixing crops). In addition, use of phosphorus from phosphate rocks for fertilizer production is the largest single human induced factor in the phosphorus cycle. For example, within the European Union, agriculture practices and food production have been identified as the responsible sectors for atmospheric deposition of N compounds, leaching of nitrates to groundwater and anthropogenic N input to the North Sea. These nitrogen losses are probably responsible for the above-mentioned negative environmental impacts. Hence, it is important to analyze why nitrogen or phosphorus metabolism is unsustainable in Taiwan’s modern industrial society. In this study, the Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) approach will be used to build different models of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism for the following scale: agriculture sectors, food production, food consumption, and food waste. The SFA is based the Material Flow Analysis (MFA), which is a systematic assessment of the flows and stocks of materials within a system defined in space and time. It connects the sources, the pathways, and the intermediate and final sinks of a material. Based on these models, the evolution process of nitrogen or phosphorus metabolism in Taiwan will be analyzed from the viewpoint of its metabolic structure and intensity. For example, in terms of phosphorus, the indices of intensity analysis involve phosphorus input, phosphorus circulation and recycling efficiency, phosphorus production and production efficiency. Through the analysis of the evolution process, the key factors that cause the lack of sustainability of phosphorus metabolism in Taiwan will be identified. In addition, some scenarios to improve the recycling efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus substances will also analyzed further.氮磷物質流分析永續物質管理農業部門NitrogenPhosphorusSubstance Flow Analysis (SFA)Material Flow Analysis (MFA)Sustainable Materials Management (SMM)Agriculture