李吟博士單文經博士封四維Sweet Feng2019-08-282005-1-252019-08-282005http://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&s=id=%22N2005000122%22.&%22.id.&http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/handle/20.500.12235/90364這是集合專家智庫與教師協同研究團隊共同參與、分享與學習的旅程。其研究目的在於釐清教改相關詞彙的真正意涵，探究標準取向課程理論與實踐的相關策略及其配套，以建構一合理可行的標準取向課程發展模式，從而成就課程變革由混沌轉為清明的契機。首先，透過文獻探討與工作坊研習，集體慎思標準、能力指標、核心問題、科際整合、指標性評分等關聯性意義及其對課程變革的影響，瞭解學校課程地圖的規劃、課程發展路徑、及評量機制的更新；次而對照台北美國學校的實地觀摩體驗，參與研究教師協同配合學校教學，進行英語文與其他學科整合的課程設計；最後在台北二所國中，以協同行動研究方法，進行理論與實作交互辯證的實驗教學，探索標準取向課程落實在教室現場的可行性。運用觀察、訪談、錄影、日誌與反省札記等，自2003年9月至2004年6月，長期實地觀測參與研究教師進行課程構思、實作與反省的歷程，比較學生的實作表現的差異，分析標準取向課程實施的方式及其限制，了解核心問題、指標性評分的功能，及其對學習邁向深度理解的影響。綜合研究分析與討論，獲致以下的結論： 1. 篩選標準是展示優質教學的重要手段，而標準的落實必須是團隊分享而非獨立作業。核心問題與探究學習則是邁向理解學習的關鍵指標。 2. 課程是為解決問題才產生的，科際整合的課程應該是用來解決課程需碎片段的組合，並提供更多的關聯性。有助於學生袪除傳統知識的刻板印象，主動積極擴展學習的視野。 3. 協同行動研究即是一解決問題，探究學習的歷程，它需要熱情、協同、好奇、反省與承諾，它也是增進教師專業知能成長的有力方式。 4. 能力的培養不是速成的，必須採標準與指標性評分活用於教室教學，以規準引導，範例說明，運用實作表現重組學生的知識基模，化為智慧能力，以落實多元質性評量的真意。 5. 課程改革應以期望學習成果或意圖的學習成果做為領域的課程目標，透過單元課程融入情意價值的潛移默化，以展現課程美學。 同時，陳述研究心得與建議，並對後續進階研究作出具體的規劃。簡言之，整體研究均在揭示：如何使學生喜歡上課，享受學習樂趣，擁有契而不捨的探究精神與實作能力，以彰顯教育改革的核心價值。This was a school reform study to enhance teachers’ capacity. The purpose of the research was to explore the standards-based curriculum development and build an accessible procedure. The whole process including three periods: (1)Group deliberation period, the researcher and partners learned a great deal about the practical knowledge needed to meet the objective of the study in the workshop. And then widely sifted the literature review materials. (2)Development period, the researcher and teammate made two problem-based interdisciplinary curriculum. And design rubrics to improve the approach of performance based assessment. (3)Implementation period, The field study with collaboration is to investigate the trial outcomes. There are five conclusions resulted from the study, which were as follows: (1)Standards, benchmarks and essential questions are key factors to curriculum quality. (2)The integrated curriculum program is to enhance students’ learning toward enduring understanding, and help them to become independent learners. (3)Teachers’ teamwork and professional conversation is the best policy to solve problems. (4)Professional capacity development is the critical mission of schooling. (5)The goal of curriculum renewal is to empower students to be active learners thus taking responsibility for their own studies. Above all, Teachers as transformative knowledge workers, think globlly, and act locally, to generate exciting new learning models and real-world performance standards. Meanwhile, the researcher does a follow-up project that support the creation and adoption of interdisciplinary curriculum frameworks to reflect today’s complicated socities..標準取向能力指標核心問題指標性評分行動研究standards-basedbenchmarkessential questionrubricsaction research