沈慶盈博士Shen, Ching-Ying王思淳Wang, Szu-Chung2019-08-282012-2-222019-08-282012http://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&s=id=%22GN0697180180%22.&%22.id.&http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/handle/20.500.12235/86054本研究目的在於瞭解接受早期療育服務之家長的社會支持、充權及生活品質之現況，探討家長的社會支持與充權對生活品質之影響，根據研究結果，提出具體建議以提升家長之生活品質，並作為早期療育機構規劃家庭支持服務之參考。 本研究採取問卷調查法，研究對象為台北市及新北市接受早期療育服務的發展遲緩兒童家長。研究者先將樣本「分層」，再分別從社福、衛生、教育三大單位進行「便利取樣」，總共回收235份有效問卷。研究工具為結構式問卷，包括：社會支持量表、家庭充權量表、台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質量表、及基本資料。 研究者使用社會科學統計套裝軟體（SPSS）進行資料分析，研究結果如下： 一、在早期療育服務概況部份，將近四成五的家長每個星期和早療服務人員連繫一次，至於家長認為和其最常接觸或印象最深刻的早療服務人員是治療師（42.6%），其次是特教老師（29.7%），再來才是社工員（11.9%）。 二、家長感受到早療服務人員所提供之社會支持為中度偏低。在社會支持的三個構面中，家長最常感受到的為資訊性支持，其次為情緒性支持，工具性支持則最低。 三、家長之整體充權程度為中度偏高。在充權的三個層面中，家長得分最高的是服務系統，其次為家庭，社區與政策則為最低。 四、家長的綜合生活品質與綜合健康滿意度均屬中度偏低程度。在生活品質的四個範疇中，家長得分最高的是生理健康，其次分別為社會關係、環境，心理則為最低。 五、在社會支持與充權之相關部份，整體社會支持與整體充權呈顯著正相關，除了工具性支持與家庭層面充權未達顯著相關外，社會支持各構面與充權各層面均達顯著正相關。在社會支持與生活品質之相關部份，資訊性支持與整體生活品質及其各範疇達顯著正相關，但工具性支持與整體生活品質及其心理範疇、社會關係範疇、環境範疇則呈顯著負相關，而整體社會支持、情緒性支持與生活品質及其各範疇則皆未達顯著相關。在充權與生活品質之相關部份，整體充權及其家庭層面、服務系統層面與整體生活品質及其四個範疇達顯著正相關；不過，社區與政策層面充權與整體生活品質及其四個範疇皆未達顯著相關。 六、階層迴歸分析發現，迴歸模型對整體生活品質的解釋力達23.3%，而家庭充權、資訊性支持、工具性支持、及早療服務頻率為整體生活品質之重要預測因子。路徑分析則發現，資訊性支持除了直接影響外，還會透過充權的間接中介效果對整體生活品質產生影響；情緒性支持會透過充權的間接中介效果對整體生活品質產生影響，並且為完全中介效果。 最後，研究者根據研究結果，分別對早期療育實務工作者、機構組織、未來研究者提出建議。The purpose of this research is to study the current condition of social support, empowerment, and quality of life of parents with developmental delay children who have accepted early intervention services, and to investigate the impacts of social support and empowerment on quality of life. This research adopts questionnaire survey method, and objects of study are parents with developmental delay children who have accepted early intervention services in Taipei City and New Taipei City. The sample is first stratified, and then conducted convenience sampling from Social Welfare Organizations, Health Organizations, and Educational Organizations. The total of 235 valid questionnaires is recycled for this study, and Social Supportive Scale, Family Empowerment Scale, and WHOQOL-BREF are applied for analysis. After analysing data with SPSS, the findings are as follows: 1.As for early intervention services, therapists (42.6%) play the most profound role in impression and contacting with parents, followed by special education teachers (29.7%) and social workers (11.9%). Nearly 45% of parents contacts early intervention service staff every week. 2.As for the part of parents’ perception toward social support, parents feel that social support provided by early intervention service staff is moderately low. Among the three dimensions of social support, the most frequently received support in early intervention services is information support, followed by emotional support and instrumental support accordingly. 3.As for the part of parents’ empowerment, the degree of overall empowerment of parents is moderately high. Among those three levels of empowerment, parents scored the highest is in service system, followed by family, and community/policy. 4.As for the part of parents’ quality of life, the overall quality of life and general health are moderately low. Parents scored the highest in the physical health domain, followed by the social relationships domain, then the environment domain, and psychological domain. 5.(1)The finding of correlation analysis shows that there is a significant positive correlation between overall social support and overall empowerment. However, instrumental support is not significantly associated with family empowerment. (2)Informational support shows a significant positive correlation with overall quality of life and four other domains. But instrumental support shows a significant negative correlation with psychological domain, social relationship domain, environment domain, and overall quality of life. Overall social support is not significantly associated with overall quality of life and four other domains. Emotional support is not significantly associated with overall quality of life and four other domains. (3)Overall empowerment, family empowerment, and service system empowerment show a significant positive correlation with overall quality of life and four other domains. But the community /policy empowerment is not significantly associated with overall quality of life and four other domains. 6.(1)The hierarchical regression analysis shows that the regression model has contributed to 23.3% variance in overall quality of life. The significant predictors of overall quality of life are family empowerment, informational support, instrumental support, and the frequency of early intervention services . (2)Path analysis shows that thru indirect mediation effect of overall empowerment, informational support will have a partial mediation effect on overall quality of life, and emotional support will have a completed mediation effect on overall quality of life. Based on the result of research, this study provides suggestion to early intervention services, related institutions, organizations, and researchers.社會支持充權生活品質早期療育服務Social SupportEmpowermentQuality of LifeEarly Intervention Services