陳秀蓉Chen, Hsiu-Jung涂繼方Tu, Chi-Fang2024-12-172026-08-082024https://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/thesis/detail/b36762bec4cf5b5d762072e66789e1d3/http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/122547本研究旨在探索心理動力取向治療師在個別心理治療實務工作中，置身臨床沉默現象的經驗內涵，以及揭示構成臨床沉默現象的經驗本質結構。研究採用探索性的質性研究設計，依循描述性現象學的研究取徑，採用微觀現象學的訪談與分析策略，同步進行資料的蒐集與分析。本研究最終納入了來自五位心理動力取向治療師，共計24小時的訪談資料進行分析，從中發現「順勢而為」、「臨在調頻」、「空中現影」、「承前啟後」、「靈光乍現」五個普遍共時性經驗主題，構成了治療師置身臨床沉默現象的整體經驗，並依此呈現「身臨其境的靜中共感」、「開不了口的治療師」、「說不下去的當事人」三個系列，共9個臨床沉默經驗案例。此外，研究形構出治療師置身心理治療沉默現象之普遍歷時性結構，包含「工具性的語言知識」（說定的）、「話語意義建構（未說的、說出來、對話）」、「心理表徵運作（可說）」、「具身經驗感受（可說）」、「生命存在（不可說）」五個層次。這展示出治療師如何在臨床治療關係中調動這五個層次知己知彼，進而解讀與運用沉默，促進雙方的意義建構交流。而這一經驗歷程也擴展至心理治療場域，進而形構出治療師自身的治療之道。最後，本研究對於研究結果進行綜合討論，並提出未來實務培訓的建議：1. 增進沉默現象的辨識與應用；2. 深化對於治療雙方非語言內在歷程的探索；3. 沉默需要透過人際經驗來獲得體會與學習； 4. 沉默培養治療師臨床工作的謙虛態度與專業主體性，以及進行研究歷程的反思，並提出了未來研究的建議。This study aims to explore the experiential meaning of silence-phenomena encountered by psychodynamic therapists in individual psychotherapy practice and to reveal the essential structural components that constitute these phenomena. The inquiry employs an exploratory qualitative design, guided by descriptive phenomenology, and utilizes micro-phenomenological interview and analysis strategies for concurrent data collection and analysis.The study ultimately incorporated 24 hours of interview data from five psychodynamic therapists for analysis. The findings identified five generic synchronic experiential themes:"going with the flow," "presence tuning," "phantom presence," "continuity," and "epiphany." These themes collectively constitute the therapists' overall experience of silence-phenomena in clinical settings. Based on these themes, the study presents three series: "Immersive Empathic Resonance," "The Silent Therapist," and "The Speechless Client," encompassing a total of nine case studies on clinical silence experiences. Additionally, the study constructed a diachronic structure of therapists' experiences with silence-phenomena in psychotherapy, comprising five levels:"instrumental linguistic knowledge" (spoken), "discursive meaning construction" (unsaid, said, dialogue), "psychic representation operations" (speakable), "embodied perception " (speakable), and "life existence" (unspeakable). This structure illustrates how therapists engage these five levels within the therapeutic interaction to understand both themselves and others, thereby interpreting and utilizing silence to facilitate meaningful exchanges in therapeutic relationships." Furthermore, this process extends to the broader field of psychotherapy, contributing to the development of therapists' own therapeutic approaches. Finally, this study offers a comprehensive discussion of the research findings and provides four recommendations for future practical training: 1. Enhance the identification and application of silence-phenomena; 2. Deepen the exploration of non-verbal internal processes for both therapists and clients; 3. Emphasize the experiential learning of silence through interpersonal interactions; 4. Foster a humble attitude and professional autonomy in therapists through theexperience of silence in clinical practice. Additionally, reflections on the research process are presented, along with suggestions for future research.沉默沉默現象心理治療心理動力取向治療師微觀現象學silencesilence-phenomenapsychotherapypsychodynamic therapistmicro-phenomenology學術論文