江淑君2014-10-272014-10-272006-03-??http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/25057宋代 ; 老子學 ; 以佛解老 ; 蘇轍 ; 王雱 ; 葛長庚The Sung dynasty ; Taoism ; To interpret Taoism by Buddhism ; Su Che ; Wang Fang ; Ge Chang-geng繼唐代「重玄學」之後「以佛解《老》」所積澱形成的這股熱潮在宋代並未有稍退的跡象儒家士大夫道士佛教徒皇帝臣相等不同身分的人無不受此風氣影響。因為《老子》的言簡意賅最可容許後人各引一端以自成其說。因此理析這些老學研究者們「如何以佛教的觀點閱讀《老子》？」應是一個值得認真鈎稽的論題。宋人注《老》中「以佛解《老》」的義理趨向主要表現在兩方面：其一是直接以摘句的方式徵引佛典文獻詮解《老子》。被援用的佛典諸如《首楞嚴經》《金剛般若波羅蜜經》《六祖壇經》《般若波羅蜜多心經》等多處可見。其間如何互訓藉以達到佛老會通的目的頗值得關注。其二則是援引佛教專屬的概念命題術語與老子學說相附會。本文茲以「空」「真空」「妄想」「分別」等佛教概念為代表說明其間如何與老子思想相證解的概況。此外零星使用的辭彙更是不勝枚舉諸如「無我」「真常」「無相」「六入」「中道」「不二法門」「生滅」「無著」「無念」「無染」「無住」「法界」等佛教用語在《老子》注語中亦不時出現。相關論點的闡釋希望對於宋代老子學中「以佛解《老》」的老學特徵能有更充分的證成與發揮。The philosophical trend had turned to metaphysics since the Tang Dynasty and developed to an approach that tried to interpret Taoism by Buddhism in the Sung Dynasty. The text of Lao Tze is simple but implies profound meaning. Everyone can cite authorities to make his comments on this classic. Scholars of the Sung Dynasty inclined to study Lao Tze from the aspect of Buddhism in two ways. On one handthey would quote the Buddhism sutra directlysuch as The Shurangama SutraThe Vajra Prajna Paramita SutraThe Sutra Preached by the Sixth Patriarch Huenengand Prajna Paramita Hear Sutra. On the other handthey would refer to the Buddhism conceptspropositions and terminology and applied them to the theory of Taoism. This article discusses how the Buddhism concepts such as “emptiness”“the real emptiness”“illusion” and “discrimination” were used by the scholars in the Sung Dynasty to support the ideas implied in Lao Tze. The author also gives some examples of Buddhism terminology such as “non-ego”“constancy”“without form”“six entrances”“the middle way”“the unique door to enlightenment”“birth and decease”“without clinging”“without remembrance”“without catch”“impermanent”and “the Dharm Realm” that were frequently cited in the commentary of Lao Tze to illustrate the characteristics of philosophical trend in this period.