林達隆陳漢元Chen Han-Yuan2020-12-102005-9-102020-12-102005http://etds.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&s=id=%22G00H1603024%22.&http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw:80/handle/20.500.12235/114545摘要 從歷史與藝術的觀點來看，如果要研究一位藝術家的作品，若有其他相關的影像紀錄，相信這是非常重要的。 布列松（Henri Cartier-Bresson）曾說：「每一個人的生命都流動的，藝術家的生命亦不例外」。然而藝術家之有別於一般人的地方，正在於他們的創作思想與行為，是異於一般人的特殊性，且具有藝術性與保留性。在經過生命歲月的流動後，藝術家在人生不同的時期，留下不同的藝術創作作品，如果在這一同時，沒有將其作品與藝術家一同拍攝留存，當時間流逝後，雖然創作作品或許能被收藏留存，但藝術家的生命時光卻難再回溯。因而，筆者在進一步思索後，同時也因更進一步了解被拍攝的藝術家之背景，又加上閱讀他們的創作思想與理念，於是興起試圖尋找一種表現方式，能呈現他們的容貌的同時，也將其創作作品和創作理念在同一畫面中陳述，使其肖像的攝影達到被拍攝的意涵與意義。 本研究的「肖像」，主要以「藝術家」為主，筆者將嘗試各種表現方式來呈現藝術家的容貌與創作，並以藝術家的創作品為攝影的符號元素。經由文獻探討與創作理論分析，探討肖像攝影的「影像的語言」，運用結構主義、蒙太奇、符號學等創作理論，並融入「時間」與「空間」的創作理念，串連出另一種新的攝影意義與價值。 傳神與寫真、肖像之儀式、風景般的肖像、影像傳遞的符碼、時間與空間與「蒙太奇」概念的運用，成為本研究的成果。 藝術家的生命是豐富的充滿戲劇性、批判性與時代性，從文化的角度他們用歲月在寫歷史，本研究創作「藝術家肖像攝影」，探討藝術家「流金‧顯影 」的重要意涵，期能藉此喚起美術館及博物館對藝術家們影像保存重視，則更為可欣。 研究之初，筆者閱讀許多有關影像理論與國內外攝影家的作品，尋找影像創作的脈絡，希望發展出另一種型式。從肖像攝影的表現要素開始探討，借由攝影之儀式行為，尋找影像創作能運用之訊息符號，最後建立新的肖像攝影風格。 本文區分為五章，其要點分述如下： 第一章 緒論 闡述創作研究動機、研究方法及研究範圍，作為研究創作的起點。 第二章 創作主題的文獻探討與研究 從影像紀實的文明演變開始，並從肖像攝影的發展，探究肖像畫與肖像攝影之間的相互關係與影響，第三節則以探討肖像攝影重要風格典範與肖像攝影作品探討，同時列舉國內外攝影家作品加以分析研究，作為創作參考與學習。 第三章 影像創作理論應用 攝影是以非文字語言的視覺語言，如動作、姿勢、圖像、記號等作為視覺訊息傳達媒介，透過視覺感官傳達之影像。攝影可藉由光線捕捉、描述或描繪意境表達，視覺所觀察或看到之指示物，即可提供符號傳達的影像意義。從技術面的傳神與寫真、光與影的創造，歸納出肖像攝影表現要素，進而探討，肖像攝影之儀式行為與影像所能傳遞之訊息符號。 第四章 創作作品表現運用 經由上述之研究與探索，「傳神與寫真」、肖像之「儀式」、「風景般的肖像」、影像傳遞的「符碼」、時間與空間與「蒙太奇」概念的運用，成為本研究的成果，並拍攝成肖像作品。 第五章 結論與建議 筆者認為「藝術家的個人及影像和他們的藝術創作一樣重要，都值得保存」。就以上研究與創作結果，做一整理。建議有關單位或團體，能建立藝術家影像保存的專責單位，以保存曾在這塊土為藝術奉獻的藝術家，因為他們都是屬於這我們的文化資產。Abstract In light of history and art, it is significant to investigate the relevant photographic records of particular artists. Henri Cartier-Bresson once indicated that one’s life was instantly flowing, and so was the life of the artist. Nevertheless, artists differ from the others in their creative thinking and behaviors for their exceptional talents denoting artistic features and preservation. While passing through the flow of life, artists left different artistic works and creative products at different stage. If their works and portraits were not well recorded at that time, their lifetime could not be recalled despite the remains of their creative works. After understanding the background of artists at the snapshot and reading their creative thinking and concepts, the author consequently comes to contemplate on a new recognized form of art to simultaneously present their portraits and connote their creative thinking and ideas on the same image. Accordingly, portrait photography will itself embody the implication and meanings of snapshots. The portraits of this study focus on the artists themselves. The author aims to demonstrate the appearances and creative works of the artists from different perspectives. In addition, the symbolic elements of photography will be included to display the creative works of the artists. Furthermore, the literature review and the analysis of creation theories will be employed to examine the image language of portrait photography. A new set of photography meaning and value will be emerged with the help of theories in Structuralism, Montage, Semiotics, etc. as well as the creation concepts of timing and space. The expected results of this current study will include vividness and likeliness of portrait, ceremony of portrait, scenic portrait, symbols of image transmission, and application of timing and space in Montage theory. The life of artist is full of dramatic, critical, and timing integration. In light of cultural perspective, they record their lives with age. This exhibition “Artist Portrait Photography” aims to investigate the underlying significance of “Flow Image Development” of artists, and simultaneously provokes the attention of art institutes and museums in preserving the portraits of artists. During the beginning of the research, the author has read many image theories and works of domestic and foreign photographers in order to search for the direction of image creation and develop a new and different style. This study begins with the investigation of creative elements of portrait photography, then search for the message symbols of application of image creation via ceremonial behaviors of photography, and concludes with the establishment of new portrait photography style. This study is divided into five chapters as follows: Chapter One Introduction The research study begins to summarize research motive, research methodology, and research area. Chapter Two Literature Review and Research of Creative Theme This chapter begins with the civilization development of image recording and investigates the interrelationship and impact between portrait drawing and portrait photography. The third part will examine the important style models of portrait photography and reviews of portrait photography works. In addition, the works of domestic and foreign photographers will be analyzed and discussed for the creative reference and learning models. Chapter Three Application of Image Creation Theory Photography is a non-verbal visual language. Images are transmitted via different kinds of visual messages with the help of media, such as actions, postures, image, symbols, etc. Photography expresses image concepts by snapshots of image, descriptions, or drawing. Objects observed and seen by sight can be expressed via symbols. The investigation of ceremonial behaviors and transmitted message symbols in portrait photography will be conducted by the vividness and likeliness achieved by the techniques, creation of light and shadow, as well as presentation elements of portrait photography. Chapter Four Presentation and Application of Creative Works The expected results of this current study will include vividness and likeliness of portrait, ceremony of portrait, portrait of scenery, symbols of image transmission, and application of timing and space in Montage theory. Furthermore, they will be photographed as portrait works. Chapter Five Conclusion and Suggestions The author firmly believes that the personal portraits of artists as well as their artistic creations should be highly valued and preserved. Consequently, the current study is worthy of study to synthesize their artistic works. He aims to suggest the affiliated organizations and groups shall endeavor to set up a special organization in charge of preservation of artist portraits. The works of devoted artists shall be recorded and preserved for they are part of cultural resources.肖像影像的語言蒙太奇儀式符碼