馬芳資林我聰Fang-Tz MaWoo-Tsong Lin2014-10-272014-10-272003-10-??http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/15157本研究提出一個決策樹形式知識的線上預測系統架構,其主要的目在於提供一個Web Based的知識發掘(Knowledge Discovery, KD)及線上預測系統,而我們藉由使用這個系統可以進行歸納學習出決策樹形式的知識,並且在線上使用決策樹的知識來做分類和預測的工作。它的組成元件包含三個子系統:知識學習子系統、合併選擇決策樹子系統、線上預測子系統;三個儲存庫:決策樹知識法則庫、例子資料庫、和歷史知識法則庫;以及三個導入知識法則的介面:上傳例子集資料介面、輸入決策樹知識法則介面、及轉換決策樹PMML(Predictive Model Markup Language)文件模組等。就整體系統運作流程而言,在知識學習方面,我們首先上傳例子集,接著使用知識學習子系統來發掘出知識,然後直接儲存於知識法則庫內。而在知識使用方面,我們可以利用線上預測子系統來存取知識法則庫內的知識以進行分類和預測的工作。在知識溝通方面,本系統提供一個轉換PMML格式文件的模組,方便導入其他採礦工具所歸納學習出之決策樹形式的知識。而在知識整合方面,本系統使用合併選擇決策樹子系統來合併多棵決策樹形式的知識而成一棵決策樹。運用這個子系統有助於維護決策樹法則知識庫內的知識,而讓決策樹形式的知識在保有簡單樹狀結構下,進行知識法則的擴充,並且簡單樹狀結構有助於線上預測子系統對於系統預測結果之解釋和說明。有關後續研究方面,本研究擬實作此架構的元件,且對於合併決策樹方面,提出一些修剪策略來提昇決策樹之預測準確度,以及如何有效維護決策樹知識法則庫內的知識等課題。This paper presents an on-line decision tree based predictive system architecture. The architecture contains nine components, including a database of the examples, a learning system of the decision trees, a knowledge base, a historical knowledge base, a maintaining interface of the decision trees, an interface to upload training and testing examples, a PMML (Predictive Model Markup Language) translator, an on-line predictive system, and a merging optional decision trees system. There are three channels to import knowledge in the architecture; the developers can upload the examples to the learning system to induce the decision tree, directly input the information of decision trees through the user interface, or import the decision trees in PMML format. In order to integrate the knowledge of the decision trees, we added the merging optional decision trees system into this architecture. The merging optional decision trees system can combine multiple decision trees into a single decision tree to integrate the knowledge of the trees. In the future research, we will implement this architecture as a real system in the web-based platform to do some empirical analyses. And in order to improve the performance of the merging decision trees, we will also develop some pruning strategies in the merging optional decision trees system.決策樹知識整合線上預測系統架構Decision treeKnowledge integrationOn-Line predictive system architecture決策樹形式知識之線上預測系統架構An On-Line Decision Tree-Based Predictive System Architecture