以生活技能為基礎融入藥物濫用衛教媒體之研發與測試

Abstract

現今學生面臨許多危險因子包含藥物濫用，而在問題尚未形成之前，相對應的藥物濫用防制措施之推動是有困難的。在學校方面，藥物濫用防制相關教育仍舊以傳統知識建構的方式來教導學生非法藥物的知識，缺少實際技能訓練，欠缺與生活情境實際連結。而其他現行的藥物預防教育的相關宣導品來看，多數都以靜態為主，對於吸引青少年的興趣有限。 運用生活技能促進研究對象健康行為之研究多能收其成效，例如運用生活技能中之相關技能教導大學生減少怒氣、降低青少年吸菸率、預防青少年毀滅性行為、以及壓力調適等，皆有其顯著效果。以生活技能融入於教學中的成功經驗在國外並不少見，例如幫助青少年設定目標、解決問題與建立社會支持的生活技能，青少年亦表示確有其正向效果。行政院衛生署從2005年開始培育種子師資教導國中小學教師認識生活技能，教育部也在2006年推動「親師共學生活技能教學」，期望藉由訓練研習及工作坊實際教學，不只增強教師的技能，同時也提升家長生活技能素養。 本計畫期程為一年，研發以生活技能融入藥物濫用防制之教育介入模式與相關教材，並進行成效評估。應用焦點團體與結構式問卷收集青少年藥物濫用之量性與質性資料，瞭解國內青少年之藥物濫用防制教育需求，並蒐集國內外青少年藥物濫用防制之相關文獻研析與衛教媒體，以作為設計、發展藥物濫用衛教媒體之參考。在教材方面，由研究團隊研發以15項生活技能融入藥物濫用之衛教教學模組，包括教學活動設計、投影片、Flash動畫、教學情境劇本、教學活動學習單。在研究期間進行本團隊所研發之藥物濫用衛教媒體及教學模組介入先驅性實驗，並進行成效評價，由於研究計畫期程僅一年，以前後測控制實驗進行成效評估，最後編撰「生活技能在藥物濫用健康教學上的應用」，建立完整的教學模組。 本研究計畫希望能研發並測試適合青少年族群藥物濫用防制教學模組與教學媒體，以補強目前九年一貫課程之不足，此外，本研究成果將有助益於相關教育單位或藥政單位進行藥物濫用防制計畫，且提供位於教學第一前線的學校教師明確、有效的教學資源，以協助青少年族群遠離非法藥物的誘惑，確保身心健康。

Today’s youth face many risks, including drug abuse. Responding to these risks before they become problems can be difficult. The drug abused related prevention education in most of schools still focus on knowledge fostering, instead of skill training and lacking of the connection to real life situations. In addition, most of the current preventive educational materials were in written format with limited effects to engage youth interesting. Program with applied skill-based health behavior intervention could result in satisfactory effectiveness across many behaviors, such as reducing anger among college students, decreasing smoking rate, preventing self-devastated and increasing stress management among adolescents. Skill-based education including goal setting, problem solving, and building ability to mobilize social support has been supported to positively contribute to adolescents health behaviors. The Department of Health and Military of Education have recognized the importance of life skills and provided life skill related training conference and workshop for school teachers and students’ parents. The purpose of the one year study is to develop and evaluate an interventional program integrated life skill-based training and drug abuse prevention. Program development will base on the survey data through focus group and structured questionnaire. Literature related to drug abuse prevention will be searched and summarized in order to design educational media. Various life skill-based educational materials will be developed, including educational modules, flashes, role-play scenarios, and working sheets. A pre-post design will be employed to evaluate the effectiveness of this prevention program. A working guideline will be complete based on the result of program implementation. The study results would validate a preventive intervention program related to adolescent’s drug abuse. School teachers would apply the feasible educational modules and materials to students with educational needs of drug abuse prevention. The results would contribute a comprehensive working model to further program implementation and staff training.