探討大學生空間自我效能、畫地圖能力與地圖素養之相關性與中介效果

Abstract

本研究旨在探討大學生畫地圖能力、空間自我效能（方向判斷力、距離估算力、位置記憶力）、地圖素養（使用地圖、估算地圖、畫記地圖）的相關性，以及畫地圖能力對於空間自我效能、地圖素養是否具有中介效果？本研究以便利取樣選取南部某大學182 位學生參與本研究，利用信度與效度良好的「回憶式速寫校園地圖」、「空間自我效能量表」及「地圖素養量表」為研究工具，蒐集大學生畫地圖能力、空間自我效能及地圖素養。本研究以t考驗、相關分析及階層迴歸分析進行資料分析，主要發現如下：一、男大學生的地圖素養顯著優於女大學生；二、大學生空間自我效能、畫地圖能力與地圖素養具有顯著正相關；三、大學生畫地圖能力在方向判斷力影響使用地圖上具有部分的中介效果。最後，針對上述評量結果提出對於提升大學生的畫地圖能力、空間自我效能及地圖素養相關議題，進行討論與建議。

This study investigated the relationships among Taiwanese college students’ map-drawing ability, spatial self-efficacy (direction judgment, distance estimation, and location memory), and map literacy (using maps, estimating maps, drawing maps). The mediated effects of students’ map-drawing ability on the relationship between their spatial self-efficacy and map literacy were explored. A total of 182 undergraduates were selected from a university in Kaohsiung City through convenient sampling. Campus sketch maps as well as the spatial self-efficacy scale (SSES) and map literacy scale (MLS) were employed to measure college students’ map-drawing ability, spatial self-efficacy, and map literacy. These skills were then compared and contrasted through factor analyses, t tests, correlation analyses, hierarchical regression, and theme content analyses. The results revealed that male college students possessed significantly higher map literacy than their female counterparts did. The students’ spatial self-efficacy, map-drawing ability, and map literacy were significantly and positively related. In addition, this study provides evidence to support that map-drawing ability partially mediates between direction judgment and map use. The implications of the findings and recommendations for future research are discussed.