電動輔助自行車的運動效益探討

Abstract

目的：透過比較有無電力輔助騎乘情境下，了解電動輔助自行車對運動效果之影響，並比較在上坡與平地，有無電力輔助騎乘情境下對運動效果之影響。方法：本研究招募10名健康受試者參與，以隨機的方式進行有助力、無助力與平地、上坡的騎乘，觀察有無助力受試者的騎乘表現、生理反應有無不同，以成對樣本t檢定比較有、無助力之間是否有差，以二因子變異數分析比較不同時間點、有無助力的騎乘模式之間攝氧量是否有差，並以Bonferroni進行事後比較，顯著水準皆訂為α = .05。結果：平路時，平均速度與平均踏頻有、無助力之間並無達顯著差異，平均踩踏功率、平均心率與平均攝氧量無助力皆顯著高於有助力；上坡時，平均速度與平均踏頻有助力皆顯著高於無助力，平均踩踏功率、平均心率與平均攝氧量無助力皆顯著高於有助力。結論：電輔車在開啟動力輔助時能有效提升騎乘效率且降低生理負荷，在不同地形中，皆能達到運動效果，此結果可用於推廣電輔車作為有效的運動和通勤工具，並為設計更符合用戶需求的電輔車提供科學依據。Objective: To understand the impact of electric bicycles on exercise effectiveness, and to compare the exercise effects on uphill and flat terrain under these conditions. Methods: This study recruited 10 healthy participants to randomly ride in assisted and unassisted modes on flat and uphill terrain. Participants' riding performance and physiological responses were observed under both conditions. Paired samples t-tests were used to compare the differences between assisted and unassisted riding. A two-way repeated ANOVA was conducted to compare the oxygen consumption across different time points and assistance modes. Post hoc comparisons were performed using the Bonferroni method. The significance level was set at α = .05. Results: On flat terrain, there were no significant differences in average speed and average cadence between assisted and unassisted riding. However, average power output, average heart rate, and average oxygen consumption were significantly higher in the unassisted mode compared to the assisted mode. On uphill terrain, average speed and average cadence were significantly higher in the assisted mode compared to the unassisted mode, whereas average power output, average heart rate, and average oxygen consumption were significantly higher in the unassisted mode. Conclusion: Electric bicycles effectively improve riding efficiency and reduce physiological load when power assistance is activated. They can achieve exercise effects on various terrains. These findings support the promotion of electric bicycles as effective exercise and commuting tools and provide scientific evidence for designing electric bicycles that better meet user needs.