以擴增實境為基礎之虛實整合教學模式的發展與探討

Abstract

近年來數位出版發展迅速，越來越多的人透過數位平台與相關的科技，取代傳統的紙本學習。然而，數位學習無法深入文字訊息或了解深刻的內涵。這樣的現象導致學習者獲得的知識是淺薄且記憶短暫的，容易被遺忘甚至被表面化，進而大量依賴片面的資訊來了解訊息。傳統的紙本學習在知識獲取的細緻度勝過數位出版，但是由於缺乏互動與超連結等多媒體技術，紙本學習可能無法給予學習者多元的想法與刺激。因此，利用新的技術配合紙本學習將能有效合併兩者的優勢，使學習策略獲得更進一步的進化。 本研究嘗試以擴增實境做為橋樑，結合數位內容與傳統紙本書籍。為了能有效利用擴增實境將物理空間的實體與數位化訊息連結的特質，本研究提出擴增實境輔助學習之Reality-Virtual-Reality （RVR）架構，包含實體層、技術層、應用層與心理層等四個層次，充分定義與描繪擴增實境在學習策略上的現象、使用方式以及影響。此外，本研究也透過RVR架構發展出擴增實境學習輔助系統，用以驗證擴增實境在各種心理層面的效應與影響，並針對RVR架構心理層的學習行為、知識建構以及意識形成做出探討。 本研究透過四個實驗以驗證RVR架構的內涵與成效，包括觀察、發展、驗證以及遷移。實驗結果發現： (1) 擴增實境能有效提升學習者的知識建構成效。 (2) RVR架構能增加學習者之互動性以及評價意願。 (3) RVR架構能強化長期記憶持久。 (4) RVR架構能影響意識形成，強化主觀立場。 (5) RVR架構能遷移至紙本學習以外的目標。 本研究最後根據RVR架構提出了可靠與有效的擴增實境應用學習策略指引，提供未來的學習與科技之整合方略。

In recent years, digital publishing has developed rapidly. More and more people have replaced traditional paper reading with digital platforms and related technologies. However, digital reading cannot help in understanding the message or the meaning in depth. This phenomenon results in the readers gaining shallow knowledge that is easily forgotten and then relying heavily on one-sided information to understand an issue. Traditional paper reading is better than digital reading in terms of the precision of knowledge acquisition. However, due to the lack of multimedia technologies such as interactivity and hyperlinking, paper reading may not be able to give readers multiple ideas and stimuli. Therefore, the use of new technologies combined with paper reading will effectively help readers obtain the advantages of both, such that their reading strategy will further evolve. This study attempts to use augmented reality as a bridge, combining digital content with traditional paper books. In order to use augmented reality effectively to connect the physical object with digital information, this study proposes augmented reality-assisted reading reality-virtual-reality (RVR) architecture, including a physical layer, technical layer, application layer, and psychological layer. The RVR architecture fully defines and depicts the phenomena and usage of augmented reality and its impact on reading strategies. In addition, this study has also developed an augmented reality reading assistance system through the RVR framework to verify the effects and impacts of augmented reality on various psychological levels. It also discusses the reading behavior, knowledge construction, and consciousness formation of the psychological layer of RVR architecture. Finally, through four sub-experiments, including observation, development, verification, and migration, this research found: (1) Augmented reality can effectively improve the effectiveness of learners’ knowledge construction. (2) RVR architecture can increase the reader’s interaction and willingness to make an evaluation. (3) RVR architecture can strengthen long-term memory endurance. (4) RVR architecture can influence the formation of consciousness and strengthen the subjective position. (5) RVR architecture can be transformed into other physical goals. This research finally proposes an RVR multiple reading strategy frameworks to provide a reliable and effective strategy guide for the integration of future reading and technology.