臺灣媒體語言後設論述之批判言談分析(1/2)

Abstract

批判言談分析研究語言、社會、認知之關聯，近三十年西方文獻已採用此研究方法 對媒體語言進行實證研究，同時期後設論述的研究亦大幅成長，然而與台灣媒體語言之 後設論述相關的批判言談分析卻極為匱乏。因此，本三年期計畫擬運用批判言談分析建 立之「語篇─認知─社會」三角架構，分析台灣電視新聞與網路新聞的後設論述機制。 前兩年針對文本後設論述與人際後設論述兩大系統，剖析兩種新聞媒介對不同新聞主題 範疇慣用之言談結構與敘事框架，藉此闡釋媒體的意識形態與受眾的解讀模式。第三年 與中國新聞進行對比，瞭解後設論述運作的共性與個性，以揭示兩岸新聞在語篇結構、 認知思維及社會特質之異同。 本研究假設臺灣媒體表述新聞事件的手法受社會生態與受眾認知的影響，但亦塑造 與強化社會既存之刻板印象與結構關係，透過批判言談分析可闡明新聞媒體的語言表徵 與深層內涵。採取的研究方法將立基於電視與網站介面的新聞語料，並應用語料庫技術 節省分析的時間與人力，提升研究廣度與深度。本計畫最終目標為歸納台灣新聞語篇中 後設論述系統的通用原則與變異因素，勾勒本土語言、認知、社會三者不同於對岸的關 係，希冀研究成果有助於語言研究者與教學者掌握台灣新聞語言運作模式，瞭解媒體語 言如何影響與反映人類生活。

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is concerned with the relation between language, society, and cognition. Western literature over the recent three decades has presented abundant empirical CDA research on media language. Though the same period has witnessed an increase of attention to metadiscourse, little is known about how metadiscourse takes effect in Taiwan media language. This three-year project will adopt the ‘discourse-cognition-society’ triangle framework to analyze metadiscourse mechanisms in Taiwan television and internet news. During the first two years, we will observe the textual and interpersonal metadiscourse devices as used by the two types of news media to portray different subject categories. The results are aimed to offer an explanation for the media ideology and audience interpretation. In the third year, a contrastive analysis will be conducted between Taiwan and China to identify convergence and divergence in the operation of metadiscourse and in the relationship between discourse configuration, cognitive thinking, and social characteristics. It is assumed that the way news is reported is shaped by social ecology and audience cognition, and that it further creates and strengthens the stereotype and structure existing in society. A critical discourse analysis will establish a link between language and its underlying implications. This hypothesis will be verified by authentic data drawn from television and internet news. Corpus technology will also be implemented to facilitate data collection and analysis. The ultimate goal of this research project is to derive general principles and variation factors for the metadiscourse in Taiwan news discourse, drawing a distinction between the two sides of the Straits. The conclusions are expected to inform language researchers and educators of the nature of Taiwan media language and bring to light how media language affects and reflects human life.