大台北地區國中生依附關係、因應策略與網路成癮關係之研究

Abstract

這份專業實務報告旨在探討大台北地區國中生的依附關係、因應策略與網路成癮行為之間的關聯。本研究以大台北地區三所國中的學生作為研究對象，所收集到的國中生資料分別來自新北市的一所國中和臺北市的兩所國中；其中，新北市的學生共55名，臺北市的學生總計有83名，總共發出150份問卷，實際上收到了135份問卷。而研究工具包含「個人資料表」、「人際依附風格問卷」、「因應策略量表」及「陳氏網路成癮量表」。調查所得資料以描述性統計、Pearson相關分析及多元迴歸分析進行有關分析，最後採Sobel test來檢驗因應策略在依附關係對網路成癮的預測關係中，是否有扮演中介角色。 以下是針對研究問題所提出之研究結果：一、即便「看影片」為國中生最多人次的網路活動，但是「玩遊戲」所花費的時間卻是最多的，且遊戲的過程令個體難有效掌控時間，導致走向網路成癮就如溫水煮青蛙。二、在人際依附型態與網路成癮之間從研究結果看到，焦慮和逃避型人際依附型態之國中生與網路成癮有高度相關，且亦能對網路成癮有預測力；而安全和排除型依附則與網路成癮無呈現相關性。三、在壓力因應策略與網路成癮之間從研究結果看到，消極因應策略與網路成癮呈顯著正相關，且亦能對網路成癮有預測力；而積極因應、尋求協助二者與網路成癮均呈負相關，轉移注意力則與網路成癮無相關。四、從依附型態與因應策略之間從研究結果看到，安全和排除型依附皆與積極因應策略有顯著正相關亦有預測力；而焦慮和逃避依附則與消極因應呈顯著正相關和顯著預測效應。由依附型態與因應策略的關係，可見學生越是能覺得自己是有價值的、值得他人的關愛的，則越能相信自己有能力採積極因應策略，或是向外尋求支援；反之則越傾向退縮、逃避等消極因應策略。五、消極因應策略分別影響焦慮依附、逃避依附對於網路成癮之中介效果顯著，因此從有中介影響的因應策略著手輔導學生，可以相較於改變學生的依附型態來得容易改善其網路成癮的問題。根據本研究的結果，研究者提出了一些具體的建議，以供家長、教育工作者、相關輔導諮詢及助人專業人士和未來研究者參考。The professional practice report aims to explore the relationships among attachment styles, coping strategies, and internet addiction behaviors among junior high school students in Taipei. This study targeted students from three junior high schools in Taipei, with data collected from one school in New Taipei City and two schools in Taipei City. A total of 135 out of 150 distributed questionnaires were collected. The research tools included a personal information form, a interpersonal attachment style questionnaire, a coping strategies scale, and a Chen's Internet Addiction Scale. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted on the collected data. Additionally, the Sobel test was employed to examine whether coping strategies played a mediating role in the predictive relationship between attachment styles and internet addiction. The research findings regarding the research questions are summarized as follows: 1. Although "watching videos" is the most frequent internet activity among junior high school students, the time spent playing games is the highest. The excitement of gaming and the release of dopamine in the brain make it difficult for individuals to control their time, leading to internet addiction gradually, akin to boiling a frog in water.2. Regarding the relationship between interpersonal attachment styles and internet addiction, the study results indicate a high correlation between anxiety and avoidance attachment styles and internet addiction, with predictive power. However, secure and dismissive attachment styles show no correlation with internet addiction.3. Regarding the relationship between stresscoping strategies and internet addiction, negative coping strategies show a significant positive correlation with internet addiction and predictive power. Meanwhile, positive coping strategies and seeking assistance are negatively correlated with internet addiction, while distraction coping shows no correlation.4. From the relationship between attachment styles and coping strategies, both secure and dismissive attachment styles are significantly positively correlated with positive coping strategies and have predictive power. Conversely, anxiety and avoidance attachment styles are significantly positively correlated with negative coping strategies and have a significant predictive effect. The relationship between attachment styles and coping strategies suggests that students who feel valued and worthy of others' love are more likely to believe in themselves and adopt positive coping strategies or seek support, while those with tendencies towards withdrawal and avoidance are more inclined towards negative coping strategies. 5. Negative coping strategies mediate the effects of anxiety attachment and avoidance attachment on internet addiction significantly. Therefore, counseling students focusing on coping strategies with mediating effects may be more effective in addressing internet addiction issues compared to changing students' attachment styles. Based on the research findings, the researchers propose some specific recommendations for parents, educators, related counseling and helping professionals, and future researchers to consider.