臺北市計程車司機對無菸計程車政策支持度及其菸害知識、態度與拒菸行為之研究

Abstract

本研究目的為瞭解計程車駕駛員對於『車內禁菸政策』之支持度及相關影響因素。方法：本研究採問卷調查法，以參加自主管理認證之台北市計程車車行之所屬駕駛員為研究對象，進行隨機抽樣共352人，其中有效問卷為335份，回收率95.2%。結果：菸害知識方面，其各題答對率介於65.9%~94.3%；菸害態度方面，介於「中立意見」及「同意」之間；拒菸行為方面，高達87.0%的受測者在車內完全不吸菸，且多數的受測者認為計程車應該要禁菸的理由為「影響健康」。推動無菸計程車政策之支持度，有高達79.9%的受測者表示同意，而政策支持度和菸害知識、菸害態度呈顯著正相關。年齡越大，菸害態度越正向且不吸菸者及周遭吸菸人數愈少者，其菸害知識、態度與拒菸行為皆較好。結論：計程車駕駛員對於無菸計程車政策的支持度高達八成，且菸害知識得分越高、菸害態度越正向，其政策支持度越高，但政策支持度與拒菸行為仍有待進一步探討。而計程車駕駛員會因個人不吸菸、菸齡為0年及周遭吸菸人數少於10人而造成其菸害知識、態度及拒菸行為之表現較佳。因此，在台北市推動無菸計程車政策之可行性高，建議推動時應注意可再加強計程車駕駛員的菸害知識、態度，以提高政策支持度。而幫助計程車司機戒菸與營造周遭人士不吸菸的環境，可以改善其菸害知識、態度及拒菸行為之表現。

This study was designed to explore taxi drivers' perspectives of the smoke-free taxi policy and to examine influencing factors for implementing smoke-free taxi. Method: A survey was conducted by the structured questionnaire. We randomly selected 352 taxi drivers. A total of 335 taxi drivers completed the questionnaire. Result: Results showed that approximately 80% taxi drivers were supportive of the smoke-free taxi which was related to their smoking-related knowledge, attitude and anti-smoking practices. In addition, smoking-related knowledge, attitude and anti-smoking practices were associated with smoking years, quantity of smoking and smoking people around taxi drivers, respectively. Conclusion: According to this research, promoting smoke-free taxi policy is available. With increasing taxi drivers' support for the smoke-free taxi, we suggest enhancing their smoking-related knowledge, attitude, anti-smoking practices and smoking-related factors.