認知刺激運動對中高齡者參與動機、體驗過程與身心反應之影響

Abstract

本研究旨在探討認知刺激運動對中高齡者參與動機、課程體驗與主觀身心反應之影響。隨著人口結構快速高齡化，中高齡族群日益面臨身心功能衰退與運動參與障礙等挑戰。認知刺激運動結合身體活動與認知負荷，作為一種兼顧生理與心理健康的創新介入形式，逐漸受到重視。然而，關於中高齡者如何經驗並感知此類課程，相關質性研究仍付之闕如。本研究採質性研究法，針對三位年齡介於50至68歲、持續參與認知刺激運動課程超過六個月的中高齡者，進行半結構式深度訪談。資料經由主題分析法整理與詮釋，歸納出三項核心主題：（一）從外在驅動至內在認同的動機轉化；（二）認知與身體交織的課程體驗；（三）自我感知的正向轉變與健康行為的養成。

研究結果指出，認知刺激運動有助於促進中高齡者的身體覺察、自信心與社交連結，並強化其對老化的正向態度。課程的多元性、挑戰性與互動性亦被視為促進持續參與與提升動機的重要因素。本研究總結指出，持續參與認知刺激運動的關鍵，在於課程具備「有趣」與「具挑戰性」的特質。研究成果可作為未來設計中高齡健康促進課程與推動長期運動參與的理論與實務參考。This study aims to explore the impact of cognitively stimulating exercise on the participation motivation, course experience, and subjective psychophysical responses of middle-aged and older adults. As global population aging accelerates, this demographic increasingly faces challenges such as physical and cognitive decline and barriers to regular physical activity. Cognitively stimulating exercise, which integrates physical movement with cognitive load, has emerged as an innovative intervention that addresses both physiological and psychological health. However, qualitative research on how middle-aged and older adults perceive and experience such programs remains limited.Adopting a qualitative research approach, this study conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with three participants aged between 50 and 68 who had engaged in cognitively stimulating exercise programs for over six months. Thematic analysis revealed three major themes: (1) a motivational shift from external drivers to internal identification; (2) a learning experience integrating cognitive and physical challenges; and (3) perceived positive transformation and the development of healthy behavioral patterns.The findings indicate that cognitively stimulating exercise enhances bodily awareness, self-confidence, and social engagement among middle-aged and older adults, while also fostering a more positive attitude toward aging. Participants identified the program’s variety, challenge, and interactivity as key elements sustaining motivation and long-term adherence. This study concludes that the key to sustained participation in cognitively stimulating exercise lies in its ability to remain enjoyableand challenging. The results may serve as a theoretical and practical reference for designing future health promotion programs for aging populations and encouraging continued physical activity.