教師線上知識庫之設計與建置－以高中國文科為例

Abstract

本研究以高中國文科教師為對象，旨在設計並建置國文科之學科內容知識資料庫，期能以之為基礎建立專業網站，以透過有效率的知識分享與查詢協助國文教師之專業發展。 為使所發展的系統能符合國文教師教學上的需求，我們邀請了三位資深高中國文教師參與本研究，一方面協助我們探討國內外現有教師專業網站之優劣處，另一方面就國文教師於學科知識上的需求及其知識組成加以分析。我們將國文科的學科知識分為人物、典籍、文章、文體、字、詞及句等七大部分，且明確定義出其相關屬性。接著，我們根據知識分析的結果設計並發展出線上資料庫，並輸入了高中國文教科書中兩百篇文章及其相關內容做為知識庫的基本內容。最後，我們邀請了十二位高中國文教師對本知識庫進行試用，以開放式問卷的方式評估此線上知識庫的可用性及其可能的應用方式。教師們認為此知識庫除了能夠幫助備課、命題、課堂教學及輔助新手教師熟悉教材，亦可成為學生搜尋知識及自學的有用工具。This thesis describes design and development of a content knowledge base for Chinese language arts instruction. The aim is to construct a knowledge base that is capable of answering sophisticated queries about subject matter. Three experienced teachers participated in the development process to assist in defining the knowledge scope, designing knowledge structure and giving suggestions on user interface design. Based on the result of a detailed analysis on the intended usage as well as on the inherent knowledge structure, we classified the content knowledge of Chinese language arts into seven categories—personages, writings, books, literary forms, sentences, phrases and words. Attributes of each category and relationships among them were identified and a data schema for the knowledge base was derived from it. The knowledge base was finally implemented as a relational database. Knowledge items pertinent to the 200 writings selected from popular high school textbooks were loaded to the knowledge base and a pilot usability testing was conducted of twelve teachers. It revealed that the knowledge base was generally considered as a useful teaching tool, especially by novice teachers.