比較不同年齡及地區對於時間銀行概念及認同度之差異

Abstract

「時間銀行」的核心概念是用自己的知識及技能，提供他人協助，將所付出的時間儲存於「時間銀行」之中，待日後需要時，提領兌換自己需要的服務。而台灣是全球老化速度最快的國家之一，面對未來超高齡社會的問題，高齡長者的長期照護與安養議題已成為眾人不可忽視的問題，儘管近年來有不少政府單位及民間團體，陸續發起推動「時間銀行」，學術研究也明顯增加，但一般民眾對於「時間銀行」仍相當陌生。方法：本研究依據過去具有良好信效度的相關文獻設計問卷「台灣時間銀行現狀之認知與認同」，並採用Likert五點尺度量表，蒐集20歲以上的成年人對於「時間銀行」概念及認同度，包含不同社團、不同地區、不同階層、不同年齡發出調查。結果：研究結果發現，不論居住地區對於「時間銀行」概念及認同度皆無差異；不同年齡層之間，隨年齡越高，對於「時間銀行」概念及認同度分數皆較高。結論：「時間銀行」概念，在台灣並無地區性差異，原因包含人口密度集中、社區資源豐富、城鄉經濟平衡、科技進步網路發達、教育普及到社會文化及價值觀相似等，而中老年族群對於「時間銀行」制度、政府的政策支持的期盼明顯高於青年族群。The core concept of"time-bank" is to use one's own knowledge and skills to assist others, with the expectation of redeeming services needed in the future. Taiwan is one of the fastest-aging countries globally, and in facing the challenges of a super-aged society, issues related to long-term care and the well-being of elderly individuals have become unavoidable. Despite various governmental and non-governmental organizations initiating the promotion of time-bank in recent years, and a notable increase in academic research, the general public remains relatively unfamiliar with the concept of time-bank. Methodology: This study designs a questionnaire titled"Perception and Acceptance of the Current Status of Time-bank in Taiwan" based on previous literature with high reliability and validity. Using a Likert five-point scale, the study collects data from adults over the age of 20 regarding their understanding and acceptance of the concept of time-bank, encompassing various communities, regions, social strata, and age groups. Results: The findings indicate that there are no significant differences in the perception and acceptance of time-bank acrossdifferent residential areas. However, among different age groups, the scores for understanding and acceptance of time-bank increase with age. Conclusion: The concept of time-bank shows no regional differences in Taiwan, which may be attributed to factors such as high population density, abundant community resources, balanced urban-rural economy, technological advancement, widespread internet access, and similar social culture and values. The middle-aged and elderly population exhibit significantly higher expectations for the time-bank system and government policy support compared to younger groups.