新北市民眾對防災素養及其知識、態度、行為之調查研究

Abstract

本研究致力於深入了解新北市社區居民的防災素養及其對學習防災行為的意願，目標是為制定針對性的防災教育與培訓措施提供科學依據，進而提升居民在防災知識和應對技能方面的整體能力。研究背景部分引用2022年全球風險報告，闡述自然災害及極端氣候事件對社區的巨大影響，並突顯提升防災教育的迫切需求。透過分析新北市的地理特性和歷史災害案例，本研究對該地區的防災需求進行全面評估。本研究評估社區居民對防災計劃的參與度，發現存在參與積極性不足的問題。因此，研究目的集中於實證分析居民的防災素養和行為現狀，為推進防災社區計劃奠定基礎。研究結果顯示，不同人口統計變項如性別、年齡、教育程度、職業和收入水平對居民的防災素養和行為存在顯著影響。具體而言，教育程度較高和收入較高的居民在防災知識和行為上表現出更高的素養。此外，參加過防災培訓的居民在防災行為上的表現也明顯優於未參加過培訓的居民。研究結果將有助於未來制定有效的防災教育計劃，提高居民在面對災害時的自我保護能力，減少可能的財產損失，並確保居民生命財產的安全。This study is dedicated to an in-depth exploration of the disaster preparedness literacy of residents in New Taipei City's communities and their willingness to engage in disaster preparedness behaviors. The objective is to provide a scientific basis for the development of targeted disaster preparedness education and training initiatives, thereby enhancing the overall capabilities of residents in terms of disaster preparedness knowledge and response skills. The study reviews the 2022 Global Risk Report to outline the substantial impact of natural disasters and extreme climate events on communities and underscoresthe urgent need to enhance disaster preparedness education. By analyzing the geographical characteristics and historical disaster cases of New Taipei City, this research comprehensively assesses the disaster preparedness needs of the area. This study evaluates the participation levels of community residents in disaster preparedness plans and identifies a lack of active engagement as a significant issue. Therefore, the study focuses on an empirical analysis of residents' current disaster preparedness literacy and behaviors to lay the groundwork for advancing community-based disaster preparedness initiatives. The research findings indicate significant effects of different demographic variables, such as gender, age, education level, occupation, and income level, on residents' disaster preparedness literacy and behaviors. Specifically, residents with higher education and income levels exhibited higher levels of disaster preparedness literacy and behaviors. Furthermore, residents who had participated in disaster preparedness training demonstrated significantly better preparedness behaviors compared to those who had not. These results will aid in the development of effective disaster preparedness education programs, enhancing residents' self-protection capabilities during disasters, reducing potential property losses, and ensuring the safety of their lives and properties.