不同數位模擬對國小電磁作用單元體驗式學習之成效與動機的影響

Abstract

本研究融合體驗式學習，探討不同的數位模擬(電腦模擬、擴增實境模擬)與科學情感投入(高科學情感投入、低科學情感投入)對於國小五年級學習者，學習電磁作用單元之學習成效與動機的影響，並探究學習者運用資訊科技學習科學的感受。研究之對象為國小五年級學習者，共計106人參與實驗教學。研究採因子設計之準實驗研究，自變項有分別為「數位模擬」與「科學情感投入」。「數位模擬」根據學習者在學習歷程中使用數位模擬方式的不同，分為「電腦模擬」與「擴增實境模擬」，「電腦模擬」是以桌上型電腦來進行，學習的環境為完全虛擬的情境，「擴增實境模擬」則是以平板電腦來進行，學習的環境為整合現實與虛擬的情境來進行。「科學情感投入」係指學習者學習科學的情感投入感受，量表分數越高者代表學習之科學情感投入越高，反之則越低。本研究依變項有三，分別為「電磁作用單元學習成效」、「電磁作用單元ARCS學習動機」與「科技態度」。 本研究結果依電磁作用單元學習成效、電磁作用單元ARCS學習動機與科技態度三個面向，綜合歸納如下：(1)擴增實境模擬比電腦模擬更能提高學習者的知識應用表現；(2)在數位模擬學習環境中，學習者皆抱持正向的ARCS學習動機，其中，高科學情感投入學習者的ARCS學習動機優於低科學情感投入學習者；(3)擴增實境模擬更能提高學習者行為投入的表現，此外，高科學情感投入學習者抱持較高的科技態度。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of experiential digital simulation and science affective engagement on senior high school students’ performance in learning electromagnetic concepts. There were 106 fifth graders participated in the experimental learning activity. A quasi-experimental design was employed for this study. The independent variables of this research were digital simulation and affective engagement toward learning science. The digital simulations included computer simulation and augmented reality simulation. Participants’ affective engagement toward learning science was identified as either high affective engagement or low affective engagement. The dependent variables were learning performance, learning motivation as measured by ARCS, and technology attitudes. The result revealed that (a) the augmented reality simulation facilitated learners’ learning performance better than the computer simulation; (b) both digital simulation environments had positive impacts on learners’ ARCS motivation; learners with high affective engagement achieved more positive learning motivation as measured by ARCS; the augmented reality simulation enhanced learners’ ARCS motivation better than the computer simulation; and (c) the augmented reality simulation had positive impacts on learners’ behavior engagement; learners with high affective engagement achieved more positive technology attitudes.