支援小學生線上論證式科學探究電腦化腳本的成效

Abstract

摘要 本論文研究的目的是探討電腦化腳本是否有助於提升小學生在科學過程技能和論述能力的表現，並進一步檢視電腦化腳本在科學探究活動過程中是否改變學生的論證質量。本研究依據科學探究程序的特徵，發展了支持於不同探究階段進行論證的輔助，將其轉化為電腦化的腳本，並納入在一個線上論證式科學探究系統中。本研究包含兩個實驗：第一個實驗檢驗學生使用電腦化腳本參與線上論證式科學探究活動後對學生科學過程技能和論述能力的影響，參與者來自高雄市某一所小學的兩個六年級的班級，兩個班級分別被分配到有腳本組（實驗組）及無腳本組（對照組），分別有26和24位學生，每位學生使用一部平板電腦連結前述論證式科學探究系統參與科學探究活動。第二個實驗則進一步檢視學生於有、無電腦化腳本介入之線上論證式科學探究活動各過程階段中其論證質量的差異。參與者來自台南市某所小學六年級的六個班級，其中三個班級分配到實驗組，另外三個級班分派到對照組，兩組分別有78和84位學生，他們使用電腦教室的桌上型電腦連線參與科學探究活動。研究結果支持電腦化腳本對提昇學生的科學過程技能和論述能力有顯著的效果；同時，電腦化腳本能有效影響學生於探究過程中提出論述的質量。本研究提供了實證的結果，證明了將電腦化腳本整合在線上論證式科學探究系統中的效果。

關鍵詞: 論證式科學探究、科學過程、論述能力、電腦化腳本Abstract The purpose of this dissertation study was to investigate whether computerized scripts can help improve the performance of elementary students in science processes and the construction of quality arguments, and further examine whether the scripts affect the quality and quantity of student arguments during the process of scientific inquiry. This study developed various argumentation assistances that comply with the features of each phase of scientific inquiry. The argumentation assistances were transformed into computerized scripts and incorporated with an online argumentative scientific inquiry system. This study involved two experimental designs. The first investigated the effects of the computerized scripts on students’ science process and argument construction skills after experiencing the process of online argumentative scientific inquiry activity. Two intact classes at an elementary school in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, were assigned to groups with and without computerized scripts, with 26 students in the experimental group and 24 students in the control group. Each student used a tablet computer to connect to the argumentative scientific inquiry system while participating in the scientific inquiry activity. The second experiment further examined the differences between students who used computerized scripts and those who did not in terms of quality and quantity of the arguments they generated during all phases of the process of an online argumentative scientific inquiry activity. One hundred and sixty-two sixth-grade students from six intact classes at an elementary school in Tainan, Taiwan, participated in the scientific inquiry activity. Three classes were assigned to the experimental group (78 students) and the other three classes were assigned to the control group (84 students). Each student used a desktop computer in the computer classroom to participate in the scientific inquiry activity. The findings of the current study support that the computerized scripts had positive effects in improving science process and argument construction skills. In addition, computerized scripts can effectively influence the quality and quantity of arguments that students generated during the process of inquiry. This study provides empirical evidence addressing the effectiveness of integrating computerized scripts into an online argumentative scientific inquiry.

Keywords: argumentative scientific inquiry, science process skills, argument construction, computerized scripts