組間競爭與性別對小學生合作學習遊戲式程式設計的影響

Abstract

本研究的目的在探討組間競爭與性別對小學學生合作學習遊戲式程式設計的影響。本研究採用準實驗研究法，邀請北臺灣某國小共94位五年級學生參與「遊戲式程式設計課程」，學生依班級為單位分為組間競爭與無組間競爭兩個組別，進行為期7週的實驗活動，活動中學生以三或四人為一組，共同使用中尺寸多點觸控平台安裝Kodu（微軟電腦遊戲設計軟體），以完成一遊戲式程式設計專題。為瞭解有無組間競爭安排與不同性別對於學生程式設計、問題解決、創意思考、以及合作技巧等四方面學習成效的影響，本研究在活動前、後請學生填寫程式設計學習成就測驗、問題解決能力量表、創意思考量表、以及合作技巧自評量表，並以各變項的前測分數為共變項，有無組間競爭機制及不同性別為自變項，分別進行四個變項的共變數分析（ANCOVA）。研究發現，在程式設計學習成就、問題解決能力、及創意思考方面，組間競爭組學生的表現皆顯著優於無組間競爭組的學生；在合作技巧方面，組間競爭組的男學生的表現顯著優於無組間競爭組的男學生，而女學生則不會因為有無組間競爭機制而產生顯著的差異。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the inter-group competition benefits and gender differences on the cooperative game-based programming for elementary school students. A quasi experimental design was adopted to measure the inter-group competition benefits and gender differences on the cooperative game-based programming for elementary school students. Ninety-four fifth-grade students from an elementary school in northern Taiwan participated in this study. Students were divided into two categories, namely, inter-group competition groups and non-inter-group competition groups. The students worked in groups of three or four to complete a game-based programming project supported by a multi-touch screen desktop computer with Kodu in a 7-week experiment. The level of programming learning achievements, problem-solving skills, creative thinking, and cooperative skills were examined. The results of ANCOVAs showed that the programming learning achievements, problem-solving skills, and creative thinking of those inter-group competition students were significantly higher than those who didn’t make use of inter-group competition. In terms of the cooperative skills, the male students of inter-group competition groups showed a higher level of improvement than the male students of non-inter-group competition groups, whereas the cooperative skills of those female students didn’t change significantly whether they were inter-group competition groups or not.