日語為第二語言之語音及音韻重音結構探析－以台灣日文學習者為例

Abstract

此研究主要探究台灣日語學習者之日語重音結構。發音實驗中，控制了字長、音節重量以及熟悉度三個因素。主要研究結果顯示，受試者之重音以及重音落點均不受韻律因素影響。事實上，受試者的表現不偏好非重音。且更重要的是不管音節重量為何，受試者均傾向將重音置於倒數第二音節。本研究認為，此乃受台灣華語之揚抑格音步特點所影響。此外，本研究也發現，台灣華語的雙音拍結構亦是造成台灣日語學習者無法分辨日語重音節和輕音節的主因。研究結果顯示，台灣日語學習者的確將台灣華語的韻律性質（聲調語言）轉移到日語韻律結構（音高重音語言）的學習中。

This study examines the L2 accentuation patterns of Taiwanese Mandarin (TM)-speaking Japanese learners. Factors such as word length, syllable weight, and “familiarity” were controlled in the production experiment. The principal findings were that accent and accent locus were not affected by the prosodic factors. In fact, unaccented tokens were disfavored to a great extent and, more importantly, an L2 accent was preferentially placed on the penultimate syllable, regardless of syllable weight. It is argued that these characteristics are attributable to trochaic feet in Mandarin. It is further argued that the preferred bimoraic pattern of TM syllables is responsible for the failure to acquire the contrast between heavy vs. light syllables in L2 Japanese. These results confirmed that the metrical properties of the L1 (tone language) transfer to the prosodic pattern of the L2 (pitch-accent language).