七老八十談樂活：臺灣高齡女性的日常實踐與生命敘事研究

Abstract

本研究以深度質性訪談為方法，探究臺灣六位高齡樂活女性的生活樣貌、生命歷程與樂活關鍵要素。訪談參與者年齡介於76至93歲之間，她們來自臺灣不同地區與背景，研究者以花名稱呼六位女性長者：梔子、秋櫻、菊花、杜鵑、朱槿與芙蓉，象徵其獨特生命風貌與個體性格。本研究從探討高齡樂活女性生活現況樣貌、分析她們如何成為今日的狀態、再歸納影響高齡女性持續樂活的內在與外在要素。研究聚焦於其日常節奏、心理韌性、關係經營、精神寄託與社會參與等面向，揭示這群高齡女性的主體性與內在動力，以及如何在生命不同階段中持續生成。本研究亦回應陳明莉（2022）對「雙重宰制」概念的批判觀察，即高齡女性如何在性別與年齡交織的權力結構中，面對來自父權社會與年齡歧視的邊緣化經驗。研究發現，這些女性非但未被動接受老化與角色邊緣化，反而以信仰、情感支持、持續學習與文化參與等方式，積極建構自我價值與生命意義。六位訪談參與者的生命故事，顯示臺灣高齡女性並非只能被動等待與承受命運的安排，而是可以從她們持續的日常實踐與價值信念中，主動開展老年生活的多元樂活可能。本研究對於這些高齡女性如何主動形塑快樂的幸福老年，以及如何促進本土女性主體性的延續，進行了仔細的描述，並對於當代社會對「老化」的定義，提出了新的詮釋。This study adopts in-depth qualitative interviews to explore the lifestyles, life trajectories, and key elements of LOHAS among six older women in Taiwan. The participants, aged between 76 and 93, come from diverse regions and backgrounds across Taiwan. Each woman is represented by a flower name—Kuchinashi, Cosmos, Kiku, Azalea, Hibiscus, and Mountain Rose-mallow—symbolizing their distinctive life expressions and individual characters. The research examines three core aspects: the current living conditions of these LOHAS older women; the life experiences and efforts that have shaped who they are today; and the inner and outer elements that sustain their well-being in later life. Focusing on daily rhythms, psychological resilience, relationship dynamics, spiritual practices, and social participation, this study reveals how these women continue to generate agency and vitality across different life stages. In dialogue with Ming-Li Chen’s (2022) critique of the “double oppression” framework, which refers to the fact that, for elderly women, they are disadvantaged on one hand because they are women, and on the other hand because society holds negative stereotypes about older people, the study investigates how older women navigate marginalization within the intersecting structures of patriarchy and ageism. Rather than passively accepting aging or social invisibility, these women actively construct meaning and self-worth through faith, emotional support, lifelong learning, and cultural participation. Their life stories demonstrate that older women in Taiwan need not submit to a prewritten fate. Through sustained daily practices and deeply rooted values, they forge diverse possibilities for flourishing in old age. This research offers a vivid portrayal of how older women shape their own happiness and well-being and sustain the subjectivity of local women, while contributing a re-interpretation of aging in contemporary society.