檢視女性藥癮中途之家在協助復歸社會的定位：以宜蘭縣渡安居女性關懷協會的行動研究

Abstract

本研究主要運用宜蘭縣渡安居女性關懷協會的實際輔導戒癮行動，以戒癮者以及輔導者兩個面向的觀點，探討女性藥癮者的戒癮與復歸社會的生命歷程，以檢視女性藥癮中途之家的定位。研究方法採質性研究中之行動研究與半結構式訪談，研究過程透過九項戒癮行動，融合對女性藥癮者的生活24小時居住管理，使其藉由團體重建社交。過程中也搭配個別晤談，促使個案改變對藥癮的認知、態度及行為，搭配心理健康或生活講座，並提供司法、社政或勞政等整合性資源，積極協助個案解決各類生活問題，使其增進自理知能。另外，過程中亦提供就業服務（職涯諮詢、就業服務、職業訓練），促進就業使其恢復自信。最後，協助薪資代管並提供財務規劃教學、協助修復家庭支持，或使女性藥癮者參與其社區服務，助於復歸社會。以及三項針對工作者的行動方案，包含機構處遇人員的任務、執行策略、進度與成果進行督考，對機構輔導能力的調整，及強化機構社會功能等。並由導入輔導、記錄輔導過程、回饋之戒癮成果、研究反思等，以執行並記錄此行動研究。研究對象為宜蘭縣渡安居女性關懷協會之輔導員及女性藥癮者，根據文獻擬定大綱，焦點鎖定曾經或正在接受宜蘭縣渡安居女性關懷協會輔導之戒癮女性3位。以及曾經或正在宜蘭縣渡安居女性關懷協會參與戒癮女性輔導之工作者3位，以多方角度瞭解女性藥癮者之戒癮處遇、成效，以及女性藥癮中途之家戒癮輔導中之定位和需求。根據渡安居行動方案實施，以及質性訪談後，發現女性戒癮者面臨的挑戰是多方面的，包括生活壓力事件、就業狀況、家庭支持以及社會融入等。有效的戒癮輔導計劃需要考慮到這些因素，並提供全面的支持，包括心理健康輔導、職業訓練、社會支持以及積極的同儕互動。此外，針對女性戒癮者的專屬需求，提供支持性的住所和多樣化的課程，以及增強機構的人力資源，特別是社工的角色，是支持她們成功戒毒的關鍵。最後，研究提出以下實質建議：一、女性戒癮輔導需要多元性支持資源二、提升職業訓練及家庭支持以增加女性戒癮成功復歸社會之可能性三、女性毒品假釋者全數進入輔導機構重建社會功能四、女性戒癮中途機構數量和處遇資源須提高五、女性戒癮中途機構可導入公權力角色六、女子監所或戒癮中途機構可強化戒癮復元友善職場建置This study primarily utilizes the practical counseling and addiction rehabilitation actions of the Duan-Ann-Ju women's care association in Yilan County to explore the life trajectory of female drug addicts in their journey of rehabilitation and reintegration into society, from the perspectives of both addicts and counselors, to examine the positioning of halfway houses for female drug addicts. The research methodology employs action research within qualitative research. Through nine actions, the research process integrates 24-hour residential management for female drug addicts to rebuild their social networksthrough group activities. Individual counseling sessions are also provided to facilitate changes in the addicts' perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors towards addiction. Additionally, psychological health or life seminars are conducted, alongside the provision of resources from various sectors such as judiciary, social affairs, or labor, to actively assist addicts in resolving various life issues and enhancing their self-care abilities. Furthermore, employment services (career counseling, job placement, vocational training) are provided to restore confidence through job opportunities. Finally, assistancein wage management, financial planning education, family support restoration, or participation in community services is offered to facilitate the reintegration of female drug addicts into society. The study participants consist of counselors and female drug addicts from the Duan-Ann-Ju women's care association in Yilan County. The outline focuses on female drug addicts who have undergone or are currently undergoing counseling at the Duan-Ann-Ju women's care association, with an estimated interview of 3 individuals. It also includes workers who have participated in counseling female drug addicts at the Duan-Ann-Ju women's care association, with an estimated interview of 3 individuals, aiming to understand the treatment and effectiveness of female drug addicts from various perspectives, as well as the positioning and needs within the rehabilitation counseling of halfway houses for female drug addicts.female addicts face multifaceted challenges, including stressful life events, employment status, family support, and social integration. An effective addiction counseling program must consider these factors and provide comprehensive support, including mental health counseling, vocational training, social support, and positive peer interactions. Additionally, addressing the specific needs of female addicts, such as offering supportive housing and diverse courses, as well as strengthening institutional human resources, particularly the role of social workers, is crucial for their successful rehabilitation. Finally, the study proposes the following substantive recommendations:1. Addiction counseling for women needs diverse support resources.2. Enhance vocational training and family support to increase the likelihood of successful reintegration into society for female addicts.3. Ensure that all female drug parolees enter counseling institutions to rebuild social functioning.4. Increase the number of mid-term institutions and treatment resources for female addicts.5. Introduce authoritative roles into mid-term institutions for female addicts.6. Enhance the establishment of a friendly workplace for addiction recovery in women's prisons or mid-term institutions. In conclusion, implementing these recommendations can contribute to improving the effectiveness and safety of addiction treatment processes, thereby increasing the success rate of recovery for female addicts.