原住民主體性與部落發展-原住民族知識、部落在地治理與原住民族發展

Abstract

本研究將以鄒族與魯凱族的部落為例，以合作研究之方式倫理，綜合歷史文獻調查、 田野實地考察、行動研究與參與觀察、深度訪談等方法，並以族語紀錄，與族人協力 進行兩族傳統知識之重/建構，進而探討在族群特殊人地關係體系中，傳統知識生產與 再生產(reproduction)，與傳統生活方式之實踐背後的部落治理之生態智慧、部落規 範、權力結構及其運作機制。其次，考察族群面對國家發展主義下之開發衝擊下，自 發性地就傳統知識與治理機制進行之部落復振與創發運動的實際經驗，以了解前述傳 統知識與生態智慧之持續與轉化的方式與過程，進而評估傳統知識在未來部落主體性/ 自主治理與發展的角色與價值，乃至對未來民族自主治理(self-governance)以及民族 自治(autonomy)的重要意涵。兩族文化語言雖異，但民族處境及被殖民統治歷史經驗 相近，也曾都有類似的抵抗運動與自主發展的運動，因此，將比較與對照兩族經驗， 以究明兩族各自主體性歷史經驗，並呈顯對兩族未來的自主民族發展乃至全台灣原住 民族自治發展建設性意涵。

This research will take the communities of the Cou Peoples and the Rukai Peoples as case study. The author will cooperate with the members of the communities to first apply collaborative research method together with literature review, field trip, action-oriented research, participatory observation and in-depth interview, noted that all should be recorded in their own Indigenous languages, to construct and reconstruct the traditional knowledge of the two Peoples, to discuss the production and reproduction of the traditional knowledge within the specific Indigenous man-land relation system, and to analyze the eco-wisdom, community regulations, power structure and operation system behind the practice of the traditional livelihood. Afterwards, the author will observe and study the actual experiences of self-initiated community revitalization and movement on traditional knowledge and operation system provoked by the impacts of the State developmentalism in order to understand the way and the process of how the traditional knowledge and eco-wisdom maintain and change. The author will then further evaluate the role and value of traditional knowledge in terms of Indigenous community subjectivity, autonomy and development, as well as in terms of the greater development of Indigenous self-governance and autonomy in the future. There are cultural and linguistic differences between the Cou and the Rukai Peoples, but the two Peoples indeed share similar situation as Indigenous Peoples and experiences of colonialism. They have both self-initiated and organized resistance and self-development movements addressing different issues and challenges. Therefore, to compare their experiences is to understand their past experiences and struggles of maintaining subjectivity, and also to showcase the constructive significance of their future development of Indigenous self-governance as well as of all the Taiwan Indigenous Peoples’ development on self-governance.