我國中央部會補助研究計畫審查機制之研究－雙向匿名審查制度的可行性分析

Abstract

我國中央政府各部會，或為對其業務相關問題做深入之研究，或基於本身業務推動之需要，多年來皆編列相當鉅額之研究經費預算，供國內各公私立學術研作，此一作法行諸多年，對提高國內之學術研究風氣卓有貢獻。民國 99 年之中央政府總預算為 1 兆 7149 億 3740 萬元，其中各部會之補助研究經費即超過七、八百億元，如國科會的補助研究經費約300 億元，經濟部技術處的科專補助也約 200 億元，合計約達中央政府總預算的 4﹪左右，額度相當可觀，而這一大筆研究經費，歷來也是各公私立學術研究機構與人員爭相搶食的大餅。尤其各大學又以教師爭取研究項目與經費的多寡，來做為評鑑的重要指標，因此，建立一套公開、公平的補助審查制度，成為國人深切的期為提供我國補助審查制度的改革更客觀的國際比較之基礎，透過對「SSCI」論文發表篇數世界排名前四名的美、英、加、澳四國之審查制度(雙向匿名審查或單向匿名審查)的文獻與資料收集，以及進行基礎性的分析，當能更客觀地呈現各國審查制度之特色與優劣點，從而提供做為我國改革中央各部會補助審查制度之重要參考。研究資料顯示，世界先進的國家在研究計畫的審查制度上相當透明、公開，都是由同儕間進行公開的評審，較少以單向或雙向的匿名方式進行一對一的同儕審查，而資助研究計畫的關鍵是在於研究本身的價值，團體型的整合計畫是比較容易獲得補助，趨勢性的研究整合是未來學術研究的考量之一。雙向匿名審查的機制主要是希望可以讓補助研究計畫有一個公平、客觀的方式，但我國的學術研究必須更加思考的是學術研究與產業趨勢間的落差，設法解決研究與產業無法實際應用的困境才是最佳解決之道，後續可以重新檢討研究人員在提出研究計畫前，對於研究與產業連結之間的合作方案，如此可以讓學術研究與產業發展形成更佳密切的聯結，落實我國產學合作的研究發展。

For the profession or issues related, our government draws up huge budget that provide the college faculty and research members to apply, and through the mechanism, official and private researchers join their work, put efforts to achieve national research subjects. For years, the mechanism contributes greatly to create a good atmosphere of academic and science field. In 2008, the central government budget add up to 1 trillion and 7149.374 hundred millions, and 700-800 hundred billions among it are research aim, for example, the National Science Council is distributed about 3000 billions, and the Department of Industrial Technology is distributed about 2000 billions as well, the lump sum takes 4% of the central government budget. The considerable subsidy become competitive,and also, it is generally recognized that college who receive the subsidy will own a high academic reputation. Therefore, the project review mechanism deserves further research. The study provides Taiwan with reform of review system to the foundation of international comparison. Through ＇SSCI＇ paper in publishing world rankings first to fourth of the United States and Britain , Canada and Australia review system literature to collect. Research data show that the world｀s most advanced countries in the review of institutional research project is quite transparent, open and public review by peers, less anonymous way to one-way or two-way, one-on-one peer review, funded research project, the key is that the value of the research itself, group-integration plan is relatively easy to obtain grants, the trend of integration is one of the considerations for future academic study. The doubleblind review mechanism allows grant research project a fair and objective manner, but of academic research must be thinking that the gap between academic research and industry trends, addressing research and industry can not be the practical application of the predicament is the best solution, the subsequent rereview of the researchers before the proposed research plan for the program of cooperation between research and industry links, so can make a better close links between academic research and industrial development, the implementation of our research and development of industry-university cooperation.