台灣地區高中學生國家認同之研究
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2005
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Abstract
本研究旨在探討台灣地區高中學生的國家認同，包括國家認同態度以及國家認同思考傾向兩個向度，並比較不同背景高中學生在國家認同上的差異情形，以及分析高中學生的國家認同思考傾向與國家認同態度之相關性。
本研究以台灣地區公立高中學生為研究對象，以研究者參考國內相關研究所使用過的問卷編修成「台灣地區高中學生國家認同問卷」為調查工具，採取分層叢集取樣的方式，對台灣本島地區公立高中學生實施問卷調查，共抽取1677名受試者，有效樣本為1669份，並將調查所得資料利用SPSS12.0軟體以描述統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析以及皮爾遜積差相關法進行統計分析，主要研究發現如下：
一、台灣地區高中學生的國家圖像是以台灣為範圍、認同中華民國的國家符號、認同中華文化、認同台灣的制度，在民族認同與統獨立場上，並沒有明顯的傾向。總和前述六個面向後，則看不出高中學生對於認同中國或認同台灣的傾向。
二、不同背景高中學生在國家認同態度上存在顯著差異，政黨傾向與族群是影響國家認同態度的重要變項。
三、台灣地區高中學生對於「國家認同」的思考傾向於自由主義，地區是影響國家認同思考傾向的重要變項。
五、台灣地區高中學生的國家認同思考傾向與統獨立場、國家符號、文化認同以及制度認同具有顯著的相關性，但相關程度皆屬薄弱。
根據研究結果，本研究針對國家認同論述、國家認同教育以及未來研究提出相關建議，以供朝野政黨、政府與後續研究者之參考。
The purpose of this study was to investigate Taiwan’ s senior high school students’ national identity, including their attitudes and thinking disposition. This study also compare the differences between students with different backgrounds, and to analyze the relationship between the attitudes and thinking disposition. The study applied the stratified cluster sampling method to collect survey data from 1677(1669 valid) public senior high school students around Taiwan area, the measurement used was the “Taiwan’ s senior high school students’ national identity inventory” developed for this study, the data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson product-moment correlation, the major findings were as follows: 1. The Taiwan’ s senior high school students’ image of the state is around Taiwan, they identify themselves with the R.O.C. ’s symbol, Chinese culture and the Taiwan’ s institution, but there’s no obvious inclinations in their identification of nation and in their position that Taiwan should be unified with China or be independent. In summary, there’s no inclination to Taiwan or China. 2. There’s significant difference between different backgrounds’ students’ attitudes to national identity, their preference for political parties and the ethnic group they belong to are two important variables. 3. The student’s thinking disposition of national identity incline towards the liberalism way. The living area is a important variable affecting students’ thinking disposition. 4. The students’ thinking disposition is significantly correlated with their attitude towards independent or unify, the symbol of the state, the cultural identity, and the institutional identity, but the strength of associations is weak. According to the research findings, we offer suggestions for planning the discourse on national identity, the education of national identity, and for further research.
The purpose of this study was to investigate Taiwan’ s senior high school students’ national identity, including their attitudes and thinking disposition. This study also compare the differences between students with different backgrounds, and to analyze the relationship between the attitudes and thinking disposition. The study applied the stratified cluster sampling method to collect survey data from 1677(1669 valid) public senior high school students around Taiwan area, the measurement used was the “Taiwan’ s senior high school students’ national identity inventory” developed for this study, the data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson product-moment correlation, the major findings were as follows: 1. The Taiwan’ s senior high school students’ image of the state is around Taiwan, they identify themselves with the R.O.C. ’s symbol, Chinese culture and the Taiwan’ s institution, but there’s no obvious inclinations in their identification of nation and in their position that Taiwan should be unified with China or be independent. In summary, there’s no inclination to Taiwan or China. 2. There’s significant difference between different backgrounds’ students’ attitudes to national identity, their preference for political parties and the ethnic group they belong to are two important variables. 3. The student’s thinking disposition of national identity incline towards the liberalism way. The living area is a important variable affecting students’ thinking disposition. 4. The students’ thinking disposition is significantly correlated with their attitude towards independent or unify, the symbol of the state, the cultural identity, and the institutional identity, but the strength of associations is weak. According to the research findings, we offer suggestions for planning the discourse on national identity, the education of national identity, and for further research.
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國家認同, 國家認同態度, 國家認同思考傾向, national identity, attitudes to national identity, thinking disposition of national identity