幼托整合後幼兒運動遊戲工作室之組織變革─以臺北市、新北市為例
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2015
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幼托整合政策於2012年正式實施，正式將幼稚園與托兒所整合為幼兒園，也重新制定相關規定，許多幼兒園受到制度改變，甚至將面臨倒閉，除了首當其衝的幼兒園，幼教相關產業是否也將受到影響？幼兒運動遊戲工作室在幼兒園與家長對幼兒運動遊戲課程的重視下應運而生，許多工作室與幼兒園有密切關係，是否也受到幼托整合後所帶來之影響？為了提升市場競爭力，幼兒運動遊戲工作室該如何改變因應市場變化？本研究目的為探討幼托整合政策實施後，幼兒運動遊戲工作室做何改變以求生存，並使用組織變革理論分析其變革之內容。研究結果發現：幼托整合後，教保人員相關資格規定是影響幼兒運動遊戲工作室之最大因素，而主要影響對象為公立幼兒園，其已無外聘教師，然而私立幼兒園經營為市場走向，因此保有多元化課程。另外在工作室組織變革的部分，結構變項為改變最不明顯的部分，技術變項則是因應市場需求，不斷在更新、改變其服務內容。而工作變項變革最為明顯，已有工作室轉型其他市場，並積極開拓服務項目，在人員變革的部分則有員工開始自我培訓第二專長。研究建議各幼兒運動遊戲工作室應整合力量並成立專業團體以維護其工作權，而政府可斟酌修改法令，讓幼兒運動遊戲教師可直接進入幼兒園教學。工作室應成立幼托整合政策小組，以利員工瞭解政策走向。另外，工作室可轉型為培訓機構，與幼教、幼保科系建立產學合作關係，提供培訓課程或實習機會，以提升未來教保人員相關專業能力。
The policy regarding integrating kindergartens and nursery schools is formally implemented in 2012. Kindergarten and nursery schools are now formally integrated as “preschool”, along with newly-established policies. Many preschools are impacted by these newly-established policies. However, it remains unknown whether pediatric education affected by these new policies. Child exercise and games studios are established due to that parents and preschools are now be aware of the importance of child exercise and game curriculum. For those studios that are closely related to preschools, are they also affected by the new policies? With the vision of enhancing competitiveness, how should the child exercise and games studios do to become adaptive to the changing environment? Accordingly, the current study aimed to investigate changes made by the child exercise and games studios in order to survive after the newly-established policies. We applied the organizational change theory to analyze the contents. The results revealed that: after the establishment of new policies, the requirement for qualification of the preschool educators is the biggest factor in affecting child exercise and games studios. Effects of the requirement for qualification of the preschool educators were manifested mainly on the object of public preschools, which has no external teachers now, but private preschools operate as market trends, and therefore to maintain diversified curriculum. With regards to the studio’s organizational change, the change of structure variable was the least one whereas the technology variable changed constantly, in terms of service, to fulfill the requirements of market. Variable that held the biggest change was task variable where studios started to transit to another markets, and explore new services. As for the people variable, some employees began to dedicate to self-training and the development of second specialty. Overall, the current study suggests that child exercise and games studios and authorities should establish a professional group to protect the rights of work for employees. Further, by amending the laws and regulations, the government should make child exercise and games teachers teach in preschools. At last, child exercise and games studios can help employees on understanding the policy by establishing a group, be trsansformed into training institution, and provide industry-university collaboration to enhance the competency of preschool educators.
The policy regarding integrating kindergartens and nursery schools is formally implemented in 2012. Kindergarten and nursery schools are now formally integrated as “preschool”, along with newly-established policies. Many preschools are impacted by these newly-established policies. However, it remains unknown whether pediatric education affected by these new policies. Child exercise and games studios are established due to that parents and preschools are now be aware of the importance of child exercise and game curriculum. For those studios that are closely related to preschools, are they also affected by the new policies? With the vision of enhancing competitiveness, how should the child exercise and games studios do to become adaptive to the changing environment? Accordingly, the current study aimed to investigate changes made by the child exercise and games studios in order to survive after the newly-established policies. We applied the organizational change theory to analyze the contents. The results revealed that: after the establishment of new policies, the requirement for qualification of the preschool educators is the biggest factor in affecting child exercise and games studios. Effects of the requirement for qualification of the preschool educators were manifested mainly on the object of public preschools, which has no external teachers now, but private preschools operate as market trends, and therefore to maintain diversified curriculum. With regards to the studio’s organizational change, the change of structure variable was the least one whereas the technology variable changed constantly, in terms of service, to fulfill the requirements of market. Variable that held the biggest change was task variable where studios started to transit to another markets, and explore new services. As for the people variable, some employees began to dedicate to self-training and the development of second specialty. Overall, the current study suggests that child exercise and games studios and authorities should establish a professional group to protect the rights of work for employees. Further, by amending the laws and regulations, the government should make child exercise and games teachers teach in preschools. At last, child exercise and games studios can help employees on understanding the policy by establishing a group, be trsansformed into training institution, and provide industry-university collaboration to enhance the competency of preschool educators.
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幼托整合政策, 幼兒運動遊戲工作室, 組織變革, The policy of integrating kindergartens and nursery schools, child exercise and games studios, organizational change