地球科學系(含 海洋環境科技研究所)

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/handle/20.500.12235/59

本系設立的宗旨,首在養成學生具備地球科學五大學術領域–地質學、大氣科學、海洋科學、天文學和地球物理–充分之本職學能;本系的教育目標,則首重致力培養有志從事地球科學之專精人才,以培育優秀之地球科學研究人才和實務工作的專業人才為主軸,並以培養優良的中學地球科學師資為輔。特別是在國內各地球科學相關系所中,本系是唯一同時涵蓋五大地球科學研究領域,並擁有師範大學在科學教育專業基礎的高等學術機構,此為本系之特色。若志在從事中等學校地科教學,本系亦可提供地科教學知能和教育專業知識,充分培育健全之地球科學師資。

在課程上,為營造更優質的學習與研究環境,本系已適度調整原以師資培育目標為主的舊有課程架構,整合各地球科學次領域之基礎課程,降低本系必、選修課程之比例,大幅減少各次領域之必修課程學分,以增加學生在各次領域課程選修之自由度及彈性,進而充分落實各次領域之專業進階課程。此外本系並積極鼓勵學生,實際參與實驗、撰寫論文、從事專題計畫研究等,以豐富其研究經驗,訓練學生使其具備獨立研究之精神與能力。經由選修本系提供之更多進階專業課程,進而厚植學生之理論基礎、充實其專業背景,並強化其選定目標次領域之學術養成和專業訓練;連同充足的研究經驗,本系學生的未來發展,將更具時代性與面對挑戰時的競爭力,進一步達到「博而精、廣而深」的終極目標。近來本系更積極增聘優秀外籍專任師資,以全英語教學方式授課,期能增加學生之國際觀與國際競爭力。

本系在碩、博士班研究所的教育上,採一系多所之架構,除地球科學研究所外,還包括海洋環境科技研究所。本系研究所的研究重點與發展方向,首在地球科學各領域之深耕與研究發展,並加強各次領域間之跨學門合作,以進一步提升本系之學術研究及國際化,並為本系學生的訓練和學習,提供全面全方位的考量,以訓練學生從容面對多變的世界,因應未來的挑戰。

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    南海與呂宋海峽渦漩動力之研究
    (2009) 許瑋真
    Satellite observations have shown the abundance of generally westward-propagating eddies in the subtropical regions in the North Pacific Ocean, especially north of 10°N. Eddies transport mass, and can significantly impact the circulation as well as the heat, salt and nutrient balances of the western Pacific marginal seas. This study uses a numerical model to examine the conditions when eddies can or cannot freely propagate westward through the Luzon Strait into the South China Sea (SCS). Composite analyses on the 10-year model data show that the fates of eddies depend on the strength and path of the Kuroshio. In one path which exists mostly during fall and winter, the Kuroshio loops westward into the SCS, the potential vorticity (PV) across the current is weak, and eddies are likely to propagate freely through the Luzon Strait. In another path which exists mostly during spring and summer, the Kuroshio tends to leap directly northward bypassing the SCS, the PV across it strengthens, and eddies are then blocked and are constrained to also follow the northward path. Nonlinear eddy-current interaction and the existence of a cyclone north of the Luzon Island during the looping phase explain why eddies of both signs can pass through the strait. It is shown also that the upstream state of the Kuroshio in the western tropical Pacific plays an important role in dictating the different paths of the Kuroshio. The looping (leaping) path is caused by a weakened (stronger) Kuroshio transport related to the northward (southward) shift of the North Equatorial Current in wintertime (summertime). During El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, the Kuroshio weakens and a large portion of the Philippine Sea water passes through the Luzon Strait. The intensity of the Kuroshio is capable of influencing the seasonal upwelling in the SCS. Seasonal upwelling events along the east coast of Vietnam and west coast of Luzon have been demonstrated by satellite data. In a normal year, a strong eastward jet is associated with the cooling and upwelling off Vietnam. Strong ENSO events have been recorded in the years 1997 and 1998: the satellite data clearly show a vigorous upwelling off Vietnam in August 1997, but a wan one in August 1998. Abnormal warming interrupts the normal upwelling generated off Vietnam and Luzon. Two defined indicators of sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA), the upwelling off the coast of East Vietnam in summer and off the coast of west Luzon Island, reveal seasonal upwelling activities. Both these upwellings appear in normal years, but they diminish during the active warming period. The seasonal upwelling dynamics is dependent on ENSO and is also coherent with the South Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO). The intensity of prevailing monsoon varies the proportion of the response to oceanic circulation and heat content, that is, weak monsoons do not promote water in vertical motion and less heat is released. The ocean heat content anomaly (OHCA) indicates whether the budgets for both the ascending and descending heat content are initiated at the western boundary. Although the OHCA in conjunction with the vortex has not been directly reported, the results of model dynamics studies are favorably comparable with the satellite data. Large-scale Indian-Pacific Ocean meteorological variations have certain strong impacts on the SCS. The teleconnection between ocean and atmosphere shows that the seasonal upwelling is controlled by the complex interplay between the internal and external sea-air interacting processes. The regional monsoon system changes rapidly in response to oceanic variations. The weak wind stress curl during the evolution of the La Niña cycle of 1998 affects the atmosphere-ocean coupling and hampers the generation of the upwelling. Variations in both the large-scale air-sea interaction and the strength of the Kuroshio transport impact (1) the generation of vortices over the SCS and (2) the path of movement vortices in the Luzon Strait.