教師著作

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    Concept mapping with scaffolding learning
    (1998-10-17) Sung, Y. T.; Chen, S. F.; Chang, K. E.
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    Socratic-Dialectic Learning System of Recursion Programming
    (Baywood Publishing Co., Inc., 2000-01-01) Chang, K. E.; Lin, P. C.; Sung, Y. T.; Chen, S. W.
    Constructs a recursion programming learning system based on Socratic dialog which presents questions to students and encourages them to reflect on their own thinking. Highlights include implementation using database techniques; evaluation by empirical methods; and results of pretests and posttests that show a positive impact on recursion programming learning. (Contains 27 references.) (Author/LRW)
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    電腦化概念圖在科學學習上之應用研究(II)
    (2000-07-31) 張國恩; 宋德忠; 陳世旺; 宋曜廷
    近幾年來,概念圖(Concept maps)被廣泛的應用在教育的訓練、教學、及學生的評量上,且深受肯定。而過去概念圖的評量標準,有的僅考慮概念節點,有的則是以概念節點為主,聯結語為輔的方式來評量,但命題(Proposition)是構成知識的最小單位,這對由許多命題彼此相互連結所組成的概念圖而言,以往的評量方式,似乎稍嫌薄弱,因此本文提出一種以命題為主的屬性化概念圖(Proposition-based attributed concept maps)的觀念,也就是對概念圖中的每一命題給予一權值代表其重要程度。 電腦化的概念構圖方式雖具有提供互動、立即回饋、修改容易和易於評量的優點,但為評量方便起見,使得學生必須使用由專家事先定義好的概念與聯結語來建構概念圖,而這樣的構圖方式往往會影響學生反省思考的機會,且無法真正反應出學生的學習狀態與學習成績,因此本文提出使用「開放式聯結語」(Relation-free)的概念與評分方法,讓學生能用概念圖表達出自己的想法,以增加學生反省思考的機會和真實反應出學生的學習狀態。 到目前為止概念圖的評量結果都只是一個評估值,僅描述學生對某一知識主題的認識程度,學生學到了什麼、未學到什麼、及存在的錯誤概念為何,皆無法得知,因而無法提供適當回饋(Feedback)以幫助學生建構概念圖。因此本文提出一種以命題式屬性化概念圖為主的"質"的比對方法,它能記錄專家概念圖與學生概念圖之間的差異情形,並根據這些差異提供回饋以幫助學生建構概念圖及促進學生知識結構專家化。 實驗結果顯示,本文所提出的評量與回饋方法確實能有效預測學生的學習成績並幫助學生建構概念圖及促進學生知識結構專家化,且使用「開放式聯結語」的構圖方式要比使用「固定聯結語」能反應出學生的學習狀態及學習成績。
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    Learning through computer-based concept mapping with scaffolding aid
    (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2001-03-01) Chang, K. E.; ung, Y. T.; Chen, S. F.
    Concept mapping has been applied in a variety of fields, including instruction, learning, curriculum development, and assessment. Because many empirical studies have proven the validity of concept mapping, a computer-based concept mapping system has been developed. The system provides two learning environments. In the ‘construct-by-self’ environment, the system provides students with the evaluation results and corresponding hints for feedback. The students construct concept maps by themselves with only the assistance of the feedback. In the ‘construct-on-scaffold’ environment, in addition to the feedback, the students receive an incomplete concept map, within which some nodes and links were set as blanks for the scaffold. A study comparing the effectiveness of the ‘construct-by-self’, ‘construct-on-scaffold’, and ‘construct by paper-and-pencil’ concept mapping showed that the ‘construct-on-scaffold’ had better effect for learning on biology. Both of the two computer-based procedures are helpful for students in completing their concept maps.
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    網路教學環境與教師教學創意
    (2001-06-10) 宋曜廷; 林清山; 張國恩
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    整合探索學習與概念圖在網頁化教學與學習之研究(I)
    (2001-07-31) 張國恩; 宋曜廷; 陳世旺
    本文提出一個Web-based合作探究學習系統，以全球資訊網(World Wide Web, WWW)為知識探究來源，利用探究性問題去引導學生思考以進行探究，再利用概念構圖法讓學生去建構屬於自己的知識，並且在學習過程中，讓學習者溝通彼此所收集到的證據、學習者的個人想法以及所建立的個人概念圖，達到互助合作、資訊分享的目的。為了有效整合探究學習策略、合作學習策略與概念圖知識表徵法於WWW上，本文也提出適用於網路上的合作探究學習模式及學習活動。針對所提出的合作探究學習模式及學習活動，本文設計實驗以探討學生在網路上的合作探究學習之學習歷程。
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    子計畫三：閱讀理解輔助系統之設計及其應用效果研究-以閱讀障礙之學生為例
    (2001-07-31) 張國恩; 宋曜廷; 蘇宜芬
    文章理解( t e x t c o m p r e h e n s i o n )與資 訊的吸收與消化最有關連， 對學習影響的 層面也很廣， 因此文章理解困難的成因和 處遇方法， 有待學者投入探討。國外目前 針對閱讀困難者在文章理解層次的所設計 的輔助課程十分有限， 且多直接應用一般 讀者所使用的閱讀策略進行教學， 策略本 身對閱讀障礙者的適用性和策略間的統整 性有待更多研究進一步考驗。此外， 國外 近年來已有教導學生識字的系統已被開發 出來， 但針對閱讀理解而設計的系統則十 分少見， 應用的策略也失之零散單一而不 統整。由於閱讀理解輔助系統有助於閱讀 障礙學生文章理解的訓練， 也有助於減輕 教師的教學負荷， 因此建立以策略為主的 閱讀理解輔助系統來提升策略的教學和學 習效果， 是頗待開發的方向。
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    網路上的合作學習之評量：自評和互評的應用
    (2001-10-01) 宋曜廷; 林清山; 張國恩; 李啟龍
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    Use of hierarchical hyper concept map in web-based courses
    (2001-11-15) Sung, Y. T.; Chiou, S. K.; Chang, K. E.
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    Design of web-based instructional design environment and the examination of its effects
    (2001-11-15) Sung, Y. T.; Hou, H. T.; Chang, K. E.
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    The effect of concept mapping to enhance text comprehension and summarization
    (Taylor & Francis Online, 2002-01-01) Chang, K. E.; Sung, Y. T.; Chen, I. D.
    Tested the learning effects of a concept-mapping strategy by studying three such approaches (map correction, scaffold fading, and map generation) to determine their effects on students' text comprehension and summarization abilities. Results with 126 fifth graders show that the map correction method enhanced text comprehension and summarization, and the scaffold-fading method facilitated summarization
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    Use of hierarchical hyper concept map in web-based courses
    (Baywood Publishing Co., Inc., 2002-01-01) Chang, K. E.; Sung, Y. T.; Chiou, S. K.
    The study proposes a hierarchical hyper concept map (or HHCM) course system. A HHCM course consists of a navigation map, concept maps, and hypermedia documents. The navigation map is a guide to the course, illustrating how the course is composed of learning units. The concept map demonstrates the conceptual structure of each unit, and each node in the HHCM is linked to the hypermedia document, which has a more detailed illustration of the concept. Such a combination for the HHCM course can be viewed as a three-dimensional structure of course representation. The effects of HHCM as a course representation were empirically tested. The experimental results found that students who learn from the course represented by HHCM achieve better learning than those who learn from a linearly represented course. Moreover, students can learn more efficiently than those who learn from the course represented by navigation maps. These findings suggest that the HHCM has a good potential as a device for designing Web-based courses.
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    Improving experimental project evaluation through web-based self- and peer assessment
    (2002-03-30) Sung, Y. T.; Chang, K. E.; Lee, C. L.
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    網路化合作探究學習系統
    (國立臺中高級家事商業職業學校, 2002-06-01) 張國恩; 宋曜廷; 李啟龍
    本文提出一個Web-Based合作探究學習系統，以全球資訊網(World Wide Web，WWW)為知識探究來源，利用探究性問題去引導學生思考以進行探究，再利用概念構圖法讓學生去建構屬於自己的知識，並且在學習過程中，讓學習者溝通彼此所收集到的證據、學習者的個人想法以及所建立的個人概念圖，達到互助合作、資訊分享的目的。為了有效整合探究學習策略、合作學習策略與概念圖知識表徵法於WWW上，本文也提出適用於網路上的合作探究學習模式及學習活動。針對所提出的合作探究學習模式及學習活動，本文設計網路化系統以實現合作探究學習。
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    網路適性閱讀環境的建立與應用-子計畫Ⅲ：具多重策略的閱讀理解輔助系統之建立與應用（I／Ⅲ）
    (2002-07-31) 宋曜廷; 林清山
    On enhancing reading ability, one of the methods most often recommended by researchers is reading strategy instruction. Reading strategy instruction is found to be highly effective both in dealing with problems on the vocabulary level (Sindelar, Monda, & O'Shea, 1990) and higher-level issues such as text comprehension (De Corte, Verschaffel, & De Van, 2001; Johnson-Glenberg, 2000). Paris & Paris (2001) postulated that there are several important characteristics in successful reading strategy instruction: (1) using multiple strategies; (2) presenting clear messages for application, such as why, when and how to use the strategies; (3) making students attribute their learning achievements to the correct use of strategies; (4) applying strategies in peer interaction; (5) incorporating cognitive strategies into a more wide-ranging domain of self-regulated learning; (6) embedding strategies in the reading activities in daily life to provide more opportunities for application and practice.
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    特殊教育網路化學習之閱讀輔助系統研究(I)
    (2002-07-31) 張國恩; 宋曜廷; 蘇宜芬
    閱讀是學生獲得知識的重要途徑之一，因此如何促進學生閱讀理解能力是教學上的重要課題。有關閱讀策略教學的研究不少，其中圖解策略在眾多策略中，是少數能應用在閱讀前、閱讀中、閱讀後各階段的閱讀輔助策略之一。概念構圖是圖解策略之一，而且概念構圖也滿足了許多重要的學習理論，故本文利用概念構圖為策略，結合鷹架教學理論，建立一個電腦輔助閱讀系統，以期幫助學生提高閱讀理解能力。
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    多媒體遊戲教材對分類概念發展的促進效果（I／II）
    (2002-07-31) 宋曜廷; 張國恩
    The ability of categorization may be one the most crucial part of young children's concept development. Based on the importance of understanding how the categorization ability of young children is developed and the methods of designing strategies to facilitate the development of their categorization concept, this study has two objectives: 1. investigating the categorical concept development of children in Taiwan,; 2. Designing software suitable for facilitating children's categorical concept development. In the study of the first year, we compared the categorical concepts of the four- to six- year old children of greater Taipei area. We found that in the dimension of preference, there is no theme-category conceptual shift for children of different ages; however, in the dimension of ability, there is a theme-category shift among children of different ages. In the study of the second year, we found that the software developed by Chang, Sung, and Lee (2000) is effective for facilitating children's concept development.
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    整合探索學習與概念圖在網頁化教學與學習之研究(II)
    (2002-07-31) 張國恩; 宋曜廷; 陳世旺
    本文提出一個Web-based 合作探究學習系統，以全球資訊網（World Wide Web, WWW）為知識探究來源，利用探究性問題去引導學生思考以進行探究，再利用概 念構圖法讓學生去建構屬於自己的知識，並且在學習過程中，讓學習者溝通彼此 所收集到的證據、學習者的個人想法以及所建立的個人概念圖，達到互助合作、 資訊分享的目的。為了有效整合探究學習策略、合作學習策略與概念圖知識表徵 法於WWW 上，本文也提出適用於網路上的合作探究學習模式及學習活動。針對所 提出的合作探究學習模式及學習活動，本文設計實驗以探討學生在網路上的合作 探究學習之學習歷程。
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    修訂閱讀動機量表
    (2002-09-01) 宋曜廷; 劉佩雲; 簡馨瑩